1887

Abstract

Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, with growing concerns about the emergence of non- species with resistance to antifungal agents. This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of oral species in Thai HIV-infected adults and factors affecting their colonization. species were identified from oral rinse samples of 60 HIV-infected participants of the MTCT-Plus initiative and 49 healthy controls by culture-based and molecular assays. The prevalence of oral carriage was similar in HIV-infected patients (56.6 %) and in controls (55.1 %,  = 0.87). was the most predominant species in both groups (94.1 % of carriers in HIV, 88.9 % in control). Interestingly, was the second most common species in controls (29.6 %) and the third in HIV-infected patients (11.8 %,  = 0.08). Multivariate analysis showed that, amongst HIV-infected individuals, CD4 count <200 cells mm was associated with increased prevalence of oral carriage of both ( = 0.03) and non- species ( = 0.03). Moreover, patients with tuberculosis infection had a higher prevalence of the non- species than those without ( = 0.03). Intriguingly, contraceptive use was also associated positively with non- and multi-species carriage ( = 0.04 for both). However, use of antiretroviral drugs protected the patients from carriage ( = 0.03), especially from ( = 0.02). In conclusion, while HIV-infected individuals had a similar prevalence of oral carriage to that of the control group, host immune status, tuberculosis infection, and contraceptive use may influence oral colonization of , especially of the non- species.

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2014-05-01
2024-10-10
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