1887

Abstract

Fifteen isolates from the USA, Hungary and Kuwait were examined for carbapenem resistance, for carbapenemase activity and, with the use of various PCR-based methods and nucleotide sequencing, for genes and activating insertion sequence (IS) elements. All the isolates were -positive, 10 of the genes being upregulated by IS elements that are already known. Of these 10, one was of a novel type (designated IS) and two further ones (ISB and ISC) were suspected hybrids of IS, IS and IS. There were five -positive imipenem-resistant isolates with elevated imipenem MICs (minimal inhibitory concentration) that harboured no IS insertion upstream of the gene, but produced carbapenemase; these isolates might possess a novel activation mechanism. On the basis of the available phenotypic and genotypic evidence, the present data suggest that there are at least two activation mechanisms among isolates.

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2004-05-01
2024-03-29
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