1887

Abstract

is a potentially zoonotic anaerobic intestinal spirochaete that is one of several species causing avian intestinal spirochaetosis. The aim of this study was to develop a reproducible model of infection in point-of-lay chickens and compare the virulence of two strains of in a model using experimentally challenged laying chickens. Seventeen-week-old commercial laying chickens were experimentally challenged by oral gavage with either strain B2904 or CPSp1, following an oral dose of 10 % sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidity in the crop. Approximately 80 % of the chickens became colonized and exhibited increased faecal moisture content, reduced weight gain and delayed onset of lay. Tissues sampled at post-mortem examination were analysed to produce a quantitative output on the number of spirochaetes present and hence, the extent of colonization. The liver and spleen were colonized, and novel histopathology was observed in these tissues. The infection model we report here has potential use in studies to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which elicit disease in poultry and in testing novel intervention strategies.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.052126-0
2013-02-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/62/2/297.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.052126-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Carroll P., La Ragione R. M., Sayers A. R., Woodward M. J. 2004; The O-antigen of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis PT4: a significant factor in gastrointestinal colonisation of young but not newly hatched chicks. Vet Microbiol 102:73–85 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Davelaar, F. G., Smit, H. F. & Burger, A. G. (1985). Abstract. Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of the World Veterinary Poultry Association, Jerusalem
  3. Davelaar F. G., Smit H. F., Hovind-Hougen K., Dwars R. M., Vandervalk P. C. 1986; Infectious typhlitis in chickens caused by spirochetes. Avian Pathol 15:247–258 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Feberwee A., Hampson D. J., Phillips N. D., La T., Van der Heijden H. M., Wellenberg G. J., Dwars R. M., Landman W. J. 2008; Identification of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and other pathogenic Brachyspira species in chickens from laying flocks with diarrhea or reduced production or both. J Clin Microbiol 46:593–600 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Glávits R., Ivanics E., Thuma A., Kaszanyitzky E., Samu P., Ursu K., Dencso L., Dán A. 2011; Typhlocolitis associated with spirochaetes in duck flocks. Avian Pathol 40:23–31 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Griffiths I. B., Hunt B. W., Lister S. A., Lamont M. H. 1987; Retarded growth rate and delayed onset of egg production associated with spirochaete infection in pullets. Vet Rec 121:35–37 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hampson D. J., McLaren A. J. 1999; Experimental infection of laying hens with Serpulina intermedia causes reduced egg production and increased faecal water content. Avian Pathol 28:113–117 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hampson D. J., Oxberry S. L., La T. 2006; Potential for zoonotic transmission of Brachyspira pilosicoli. Emerg Infect Dis 12:869–870 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Jamshidi A., Hampson D. J. 2002; Zinc bacitracin enhances colonization by the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli in experimentally infected layer hens. Avian Pathol 31:293–298 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Jamshidi A., Hampson D. J. 2003; Experimental infection of layer hens with a human isolate of Brachyspira pilosicoli. J Med Microbiol 52:361–364 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Jensen T. K., Møller K., Boye M., Leser T. D., Jorsal S. E. 2000; Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent in situ hybridization of experimental Brachyspira (Serpulina) pilosicoli infection in growing pigs. Vet Pathol 37:22–32 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Jensen T. K., Boye M., Ahrens P., Korsager B., Teglbjaerg P. S., Lindboe C. F., Møller K. 2001; Diagnostic examination of human intestinal spirochetosis by fluorescent in situ hybridization for Brachyspira aalborgi, Brachyspira pilosicoli, and other species of the genus Brachyspira (Serpulina). J Clin Microbiol 39:4111–4118 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kostman J. R., Patel M., Catalano E., Camacho J., Hoffpauir J., DiNubile M. J. 1995; Invasive colitis and hepatitis due to previously uncharacterized spirochetes in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Infect Dis 21:1159–1165 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Mappley L. J., Tchórzewska M. A., Cooley W. A., Woodward M. J., La Ragione R. M. 2011; Lactobacilli antagonize the growth, motility, and adherence of Brachyspira pilosicoli: a potential intervention against avian intestinal spirochetosis. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:5402–5411 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Mikosza A. S., La T., Margawani K. R., Brooke C. J., Hampson D. J. 2001; PCR detection of Brachyspira aalborgi and Brachyspira pilosicoli in human faeces. FEMS Microbiol Lett 197:167–170 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Phillips N. D., La T., Pluske J. R., Hampson D. J. 2004; A wheat-based diet enhances colonization with the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira intermedia in experimentally infected laying hens. Avian Pathol 33:451–457 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Phillips N. D., La T., Hampson D. J. 2005; A cross-sectional study to investigate the occurrence and distribution of intestinal spirochaetes (Brachyspira spp.) in three flocks of laying hens. Vet Microbiol 105:189–198 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Randall L. P., Cooles S. W., Coldham N. C., Stapleton K. S., Piddock L. J., Woodward M. J. 2006; Modification of enrofloxacin treatment regimens for poultry experimentally infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 to minimize selection of resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:4030–4037 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Råsbäck T., Fellström C., Bergsjø B., Cizek A., Collin K., Gunnarsson A., Jensen S. M., Mars A., Thomson J.& other authors ( 2005; Assessment of diagnostics and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Brachyspira species using a ring test. Vet Microbiol 109:229–243 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Stanton T. B., Postic D., Jensen N. S. 1998; Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new Serpulina species that is enteropathogenic for chickens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:669–676 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Stephens C. P., Hampson D. J. 2001; Intestinal spirochete infections of chickens: a review of disease associations, epidemiology and control. Anim Health Res Rev 2:83–91[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Stephens C. P., Hampson D. J. 2002a; Experimental infection of broiler breeder hens with the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira (Serpulina) pilosicoli causes reduced egg production. Avian Pathol 31:169–175 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Stephens C. P., Hampson D. J. 2002b; Evaluation of tiamulin and lincomycin for the treatment of broiler breeders experimentally infected with the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli. Avian Pathol 31:299–304 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Swayne D. E., McLaren A. J. 1997; Avian intestinal spirochaetes and avian intestinal spirochaetosis.. In Intestinal Spirochaetes in Domestic Animals and Humans pp. 267–300 Edited by Hampson D. J., Stanton T. B. Wallingford: CAB International;
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Swayne D. E., Bermudez A. J., Sagartz J. E., Eaton K. A., Monfort J. D., Stoutenburg J. W., Hayes J. R. 1992; Association of cecal spirochetes with pasty vents and dirty eggshells in layers. Avian Dis 36:776–781 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Swayne D. E., Eaton K. A., Stoutenburg J., Trott D. J., Hampson D. J., Jensen N. S. 1995; Identification of a new intestinal spirochete with pathogenicity for chickens. Infect Immun 63:430–436[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Trott D. J., Stanton T. B., Jensen N. S., Duhamel G. E., Johnson J. L., Hampson D. J. 1996; Serpulina pilosicoli sp. nov., the agent of porcine intestinal spirochetosis. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:206–215 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Trott D. J., Jensen N. S., Saint Girons I., Oxberry S. L., Stanton T. B., Lindquist D., Hampson D. J. 1997; Identification and characterization of Serpulina pilosicoli isolates recovered from the blood of critically ill patients. J Clin Microbiol 35:482–485[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tsinganou E., Gebbers J. O. 2010; Human intestinal spirochetosis–a review. Ger Med Sci 8:Doc01[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.052126-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.052126-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error