Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in association with β-lactamases, 16S rRNA methylase genes and integrons amongst clinical isolates of Shigella flexneri

References

1. Cattoir V., Nordmann P. 2009; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Gram-negative bacterial species: an update. Curr Med Chem 16:1028–1046 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
2. CLSI 2010 Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Twentieth informational supplement. Document M100–S20. Wayne, PA
3. Dallenne C., Da Costa A., Decré D., Favier C., Arlet G. 2010; Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 65:490–495 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
4. Doi Y., Arakawa Y. 2007; 16S ribosomal RNA methylation: emerging resistance mechanism against aminoglycosides. Clin Infect Dis 45:88–94 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
5. Dutta S., Kawamura Y., Ezaki T., Nair G. B., Iida K., Yoshida S. 2005; Alteration in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of topoisomerase IV in quinolone-resistant Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 clinical isolates from Kolkata, India. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:1660–1661 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
6. Hu L. F., Chang X., Ye Y., Wang Z. X., Shao Y. B., Shi W., Li X., Li J. B. 2011; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole mediated by acquisition of sul and dfrA genes in a plasmid-mediated class 1 integron. Int J Antimicrob Agents 37:230–234 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
7. Kado C. I., Liu S. T. 1981; Rapid procedure for detection and isolation of large and small plasmids. J Bacteriol 145:1365–1373[PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
8. Kotloff K. L., Winickoff J. P., Ivanoff B., Clemens J. D., Swerdlow D. L., Sansonetti P. J., Adak G. K., Levine M. M. 1999; Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull World Health Organ 77:651–666[PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
9. Luo Y. P., Yang J. Y., Zhang Y. J., Ye L. Y., Wang L. L., Guo L. 2011; Prevalence of β-lactamases and 16S rRNA methylase genes amongst clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants. Int J Antimicrob Agents 37:352–355 [CrossRef][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
10. Niyogi S. K. 2007; Increasing antimicrobial resistance – an emerging problem in the treatment of shigellosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 13:1141–1143 [CrossRef][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
11. Wang M., Tran J. H., Jacoby G. A., Zhang Y., Wang F., Hooper D. C. 2003; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from Shanghai, China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47:2242–2248 [CrossRef][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
12. Xiong Z., Li J., Li T., Shen J., Hu F., Wang M. 2010; Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance determinants in Shigella flexneri isolates from Anhui Province, China. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 63:187–189 [CrossRef][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
13. Yamane K., Wachino J., Suzuki S., Kimura K., Shibata N., Kato H., Shibayama K., Konda T., Arakawa Y. 2007; New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51:3354–3360 [CrossRef][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]