1887

Abstract

, , , and were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as the predominant culturable vaginal species in a group of South African women, comprising 24, 22, 10, 10 and 9 %, respectively. A significant effect of vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS) and bacterial vaginosis (BV) on the distribution of predominant species was observed. Whilst isolates were almost equally distributed between individuals with and without VDS and were not significantly reduced in women with BV versus normal microflora, isolates were significantly reduced in women with VDS (=0.022) and reduced in women with BV versus normal microflora (=0.053). Unlike , isolates were also significantly reduced in women with BV-associated VDS versus women without VDS and with normal microflora (=0.051). In addition, lysogeny was commonly observed for , with 77 % of isolates yielding phage particles with contractile and non-contractile tails. Only 29 % of isolates yielded phage particles, and these were visible as tailless or podo-like particles.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.024463-0
2011-02-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/60/2/180.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.024463-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Antonio M. A. D., Hawes S. E., Hillier S. L. 1999; The identification of vaginal Lactobacillus s pecies and the demographic and microbiologic characteristics of women colonized by these species. J Infect Dis 180:1950–1956 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Chibani-Chennoufi S., Bruttin A., Dillmann M.-L., Brüssow H. 2004; Phage–host interaction: an ecological perspective. J Bacteriol 186:3677–3686 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Damelin L. H., Mavri-Damelin D., Klaenhammer T. R., Tiemessen C. T. 2010; Plasmid transduction using bacteriophage Φadh for the expression of CC-chemokines by Lactobacillus gasseri ADH. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:3878–3885 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. De Backer E., Verhelst R., Verstraelen H., Alqumber M. A., Burton J. P., Tagg J. R., Temmerman M., Vaneechoutte M. 2007; Quantitative determination by real-time PCR of four vaginal Lactobacillus species, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae indicates an inverse relationship between L. gasseri and L. iners . BMC Microbiol 7:115–127 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Iqbal S. M., Kaul R. 2008; Mucosal innate immunity as a determinant of HIV susceptibility. Am J Reprod Immunol 59:44–54
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Kiliç A. O., Pavlova S. I., Alpay S., Kiliç S. S., Tao L. 2001; Comparative study of vaginal Lactobacillus phages isolated from women in the United States and Turkey: prevalence, morphology, host range, and DNA homology. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 8:31–39
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Liu X., Lagenaur L. A., Simpson D. A., Essenmacher K. P., Frazier-Parker C. L., Liu Y., Tsai D., Rao S. S., Hamer D. H. other authors 2006; Engineered vaginal Lactobacillus strain for mucosal delivery of the human immunodeficiency virus inhibitor cyanovirin-N. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:3250–3259 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Liu X., Lagenaur L. A., Lee P. P., Xu Q. 2008; Engineering human vaginal Lactobacillus for surface expression of two-domain CD4. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:4626–4635 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Loeffler J. M., Fischetti V. A. 2006; Lysogeny of Streptococcus pneumoniae with MM1 phage: improved adherence and other phenotypic changes. Infect Immun 74:4486–4495 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Nugent R. P., Krohn M. A., Hillier S. L. 1991; Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of Gram stain interpretation. J Clin Microbiol 29:297–301
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Paul J. H. 2008; Prophages in marine bacteria: dangerous molecular time bombs or the key to survival in the seas?. ISME J 2:579–589 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Schuch R., Fischetti V. A. 2009; The secret life of the anthrax agent Bacillus anthracis : bacteriophage-mediated ecological adaptations. PLoS ONE 4:e6532–e6553 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Vásquez A., Jakobsson T., Ahrne S., Forsum U., Mölin G. 2002; Vaginal Lactobacillus flora of healthy Swedish women. J Clin Microbiol 40:2746–2749 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. WHO 2003 Guidelines for the Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections Geneva: World Health Organization; http://www.who.int/entity/hiv/pub/sti/en/STIGuidelines2003.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Yu R. R., Cheng A. T., Lagenaur L. A., Huang W., Weiss D. E., Treece J., Sanders-Beer B. E., Hamer D. H., Lee P. P. other authors 2009; A Chinese rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta ) model for vaginal Lactobacillus colonization and live microbicide development. J Med Primatol 38:125–136 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.024463-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.024463-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error