1887

Journal of Medical Microbiology logo

Volume 59, Issue 12

Two Japanese isolates from the same hospital: ribotype, toxigenicity and serum antitoxin titre Free

Abstract

Two toxigenic isolates recovered from pharyngeal swabs of two patients from the same hospital in Japan during 2001–2002 were characterized by PFGE and ribotyping. Toxin production in different culture media was examined and serological analysis of patient sera was performed. The two isolates could not be distinguished by PFGE; however, their ribotypes were distinguishable. One of the isolates could represent a novel ribotype. Analysis of toxin production in different culture media demonstrated that the two isolates produced varying amounts of the diphtheria toxin. Serological analysis showed a greater than sevenfold increase in the serum antitoxin titre during the course of infection in one patient.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): CD50, 50 % cytopathic dose , CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , MRD, minimal reactive dose , PHLS, Public Health Laboratory Service , PLD, phospholipase D and SCIEH, Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health
SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
2010-12-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/59/12/1497.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Boyd J., Oza M. N., Murphy J. R. 1990; Molecular cloning and DNA sequence analysis of a diphtheria tox iron-dependent regulatory element ( dtxR ) from Corynebacterium diphtheriae . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:5968–5972 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  2. CDC 1997; Respiratory diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans – Terre Haute. Indiana: 1996 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 46:330–332
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Danilova E., Jenum P. A., Skogen V., Pilinikov V. F., Sjursen H. 2006; Antidiphtheria antibody responses in patients and carriers of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the Arkhangelsk region of Russia. Clin Vaccine Immunol 13:627–632 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. DeWinter L. M., Bernard K. A., Romney M. G. 2005; Human clinical isolates of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans collected in Canada from 1999 to 2003 but not fitting reporting criteria for cases of diphtheria. J Clin Microbiol 43:3447–3449 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. De Zoysa A., Efstratiou A., George R. C., Jahkola M., Vuopio-Varkila J., Deshevoi S., Tseneva G. Y., Rikushin Y. 1995; Molecular epidemiology of Corynebacterium diphtheriae from northwestern Russia and surrounding countries studied by using ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 33:1080–1083
     [Google Scholar]
  6. De Zoysa A., Hawkey P. M., Engler K., George R., Mann G., Reilly W., Taylor D., Efstratiou A. 2005; Characterization of toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans strains isolated from humans and domestic cats in the United Kingdom. J Clin Microbiol 43:4377–4381 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Dias A. A. S. O., Silva F. C., Pereira G. A., Souza M. C., Camello T. C. F., Damasceno J. A. L. D., Pacheco L. G. C., Miyoshi A., Azevedo V. A. other authors 2010; Corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from an asymptomatic dog kept in an animal shelter in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. Brazil: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis (in press). doi
  8. Fakes R. W., Downham M. 1970; Toxic reaction to Corynebacterium ulcerans . Lancet I:298
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Galazka A. M. 1993 Module 2: Diphtheria, WHO/EPI/GEN/93.12 Geneva: World Health Organization;
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Galbraith N. S., Forbes P., Clifford C. 1982; Communicable disease associated with milk and dairy products in England and Wales 1951–80. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 284:1761–1765 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Grimont P. A. D., Grimont F., Efstratiou A., De Zoysa A., Mazurova I. K., Ruckly C., Lejay-Collin M., Martin-Delautre S., Regnault B. other authors 2004; International nomenclature for Corynebacterium diphtheriae ribotypes. Res Microbiol 155:162–166 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Hart R. J. C. 1984; Corynebacterium ulcerans in humans and cattle in North Devon. J Hyg (Camb) 92:161–164 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Hasselhorn H.-M., Nübling M., Tiller F. W., Hofmann F. 1998; Factors influencing immunity against diphtheria in adults. Vaccine 16:70–75 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Hatanaka A., Tsunoda A., Okamoto M., Ooe K., Nakamura A., Miyakoshi M., Komiya T., Takahashi M. 2003; Corynebacterium ulcerans diphtheria in Japan. Emerg Infect Dis 9:752–753 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Hendrickson D. A., Krenz H. J. 1991; Reagents and stains. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 5th edn. pp 1289–1314 Edited by Balows A., Hausler W. J. J., Herrmann K. L., Isenberg H. D., Shadomy H. J. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Kisely S. R., Proce S., Ward T. 1994; ‘ Corynebacterium ulcerans ': a potential cause of diphtheria. Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev 4:R63–R64
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Lartigue M.-F., Monnet X., Le Flèche A., Grimont P. A. D., Benet J.-J., Durrbach A., Fabre M., Nordmann P. 2005; Corynebacterium ulcerans in an immunocompromised patient with diphtheria and her dog. J Clin Microbiol 43:999–1001 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Mikhailovich V. M., Melnikov V. G., Mazurova I. K., Wachsmuth I. K., Wenger J. D., Wharton M., Nakao H., Popovic T. 1995; Application of PCR for detection of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains isolated during the Russian diphtheria epidemic; 1990 through 1994 J Clin Microbiol 33:3061–3063
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Miyamura K., Tajiri E., Ito A., Murata R., Kono R. 1974a; Micro cell culture method for determination of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin titres using VERO cells. II. Comparison with the rabbit skin method and practical application for seroepidemiological studies. J Biol Stand 2:203–209 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Miyamura K., Nishio S., Ito A., Murata R., Kono R. 1974b; Micro cell culture method for determination of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin titres using VERO cells. I. Studies on factors affecting the toxin and antitoxin titration. J Biol Stand 2:189–201 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Murray B. E., Singh K. V., Heath J. D., Sharma B. R., Weinstock G. M. 1990; Comparison of genomic DNAs of different enterococcal isolates using restriction endonucleases with infrequent recognition sites. J Clin Microbiol 28:2059–2063
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Nakao H., Pruckler J. M., Mazurova I. K., Narvskaia O. V., Glushkevich T., Marijevski V. F., Kravetz A. N., Fields B. S., Wachsmuth I. K. other authors 1996; Heterogeneity of diphtheria toxin gene, tox , and its regulatory element, dtxR , in Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains causing epidemic diphtheria in Russia and Ukraine. J Clin Microbiol 34:1711–1716
     [Google Scholar]
  23. PHLS 2000; Three cases of toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans infection. Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly 10:52
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Regnault B., Grimont F., Grimont P. A. D. 1997; Universal ribotyping method using a chemically labelled oligonucleotide probe mixture. Res Microbiol 148:649–659 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Reinhardt D. J., Lee A., Popovic T. 1998; Antitoxin-in-membrane and antitoxin-in-well assays for detection of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae . J Clin Microbiol 36:207–210
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Schuhegger R., Schoerner C., Dlugaiczyk J., Lichtenfeld I., Trouillier A., Zeller-Peronnet V., Busch U., Berger A., Kugler R. other authors 2009; Pigs as source for toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans . Emerg Infect Dis 15:1314–1315 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. SCIEH 2002; Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans in cats. SCIEH Weekly Rep 36:69–75
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Sing A., Hogardt M., Bierschenk S., Heesemann J. 2003; Detection of differences in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of diphtheria toxin from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans causing extrapharyngeal infections. J Clin Microbiol 41:4848–4851 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Sing A., Bierschenk S., Heesemann J. 2005; Classical diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans in Germany: amino acid sequence differences between diphtheria toxins from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and C. ulcerans . Clin Infect Dis 40:325–326 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Tasman A., Van Ramhorst J. D. 1951; On the relation between toxin production and protein synthesis by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and the iron content of the culture medium. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 17:153–158 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Taylor D. J., Efstratiou A. 2002; Diphtheria toxin production by Corynebacterium ulcerans from cats. Vet Rec 150:355
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Tchorbanov A. I., Dimitrov J. D., Vassilev T. L. 2004; Optimization of casein-based semisynthetic medium for growing of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in a fermenter. Can J Microbiol 50:821–826 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Tiwari T. S. P., Golaz A., Yu D. T., Ehresmann K. R., Jones T. F., Hill H. E., Cassiday P. K., Pawloski L. C., Moran J. S. other authors 2008; Investigations of 2 cases of diphtheria-like illness due to toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans . Clin Infect Dis 46:395–401 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Von Hunolstein C., Alfarone G., Scopetti F., Pataracchia M., La Valle R., Franchi F., Pacchiani L., Manera A., Giammanco A. other authors 2003; Molecular epidemiology and characteristics of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans strains isolated in Italy during the 1990s. J Med Microbiol 52:181–188 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Wagner J., Ignatius R., Voss S., Höpfner V., Ehlers S., Funke G., Weber U., Hahn H. 2001; Infection of the skin caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans and mimicking classical cutaneous diphtheria. Clin Infect Dis 33:1598–1600 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
Loading
Two Japanese Corynebacterium ulcerans isolates from the same hospital: ribotype, toxigenicity and serum antitoxin titre
J. Med. Microbiol. 59, 1497 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error