and its lipopolysaccharide modulate biofilm formation Free

Abstract

Demystification of microbial behaviour in mixed biofilms could have a major impact on our understanding of infectious diseases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the interactions of six different species and a Gram-negative coliform, , in dual-species biofilms, and to assess the effect of LPS on biofilm formation. A single isolate of ATCC 25922 and six different species of , ATCC 90028, ATCC 90030, ATCC 6258, ATCC 13803, ATCC 22019 and MYA-646, were studied using a standard biofilm assay. Each species was co-cultured with on a polystyrene surface and biofilm formation was quantified by a c.f.u. assay. The biofilm was then analysed by Live/Dead staining and fluorescence microscopy (confocal laser-scanning microscopy, CLSM), whilst scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to visualize the biofilm architecture. The effect of LPS on biofilm cell activity at defined time intervals was assessed with an XTT reduction assay. A significant quantitative reduction in c.f.u. counts of (after 90 min), (after 90 min and 24 h), (after 24 h) and (after 24 and 48 h) was noted on incubation with in comparison with their monospecies biofilm counterparts ( <0.05). On the other hand, a simultaneous and significant reduction in cell numbers occurred on co-culture with (after 90 min), and an elevation of cell numbers followed co-culture with (after 24 h) and (after 24 h and 48 h) ( <0.05). All quantitative findings were confirmed by SEM and CLSM analyses. By SEM observation, dual-species biofilms demonstrated scanty architecture with reduced visible cell counts at all stages of biofilm development, despite profuse growth and dense colonization in their single-species counterparts. Significantly elevated metabolic activity, as assessed by XTT readings, was observed in LPS-treated and biofilms (after 48 h), whilst this had the opposite effect for (after 24 h) ( <0.05). These data indicate that and species in a mixed-species environment mutually modulate biofilm development, both quantitatively and qualitatively, and that LPS appears to be a key component in mediating these outcomes.

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2009-12-01
2024-03-29
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