modulates cytokine induction and virulence factor gene expression in Free

Abstract

Human infection by the gastric pathogen is characterized by a robust immune response which rarely prevents persistent colonization. Emerging evidence suggests that lactobacilli may reduce infection rates and associated inflammation. In this study, we measured the ability of two model strains of (UCC118 and UCC119) to modulate gastric epithelial cell chemokine responses to infection. Pre-treatment of AGS cells with either strain significantly decreased interleukin-8 (IL-8) production upon exposure to , but not in cells stimulated with TNF-. The production of the chemokines CCL20 and IP-10 by AGS cells infected with was also altered following pre-treatment with UCC118 and UCC119. We showed that a greater reduction in IL-8 production with UCC119 was due to the production of more acid by this strain. Furthermore, UV-killed cells of both lactobacillus strains were still able to reduce -induced IL-8 in the absence of acid production, indicating the action of a second anti-inflammatory mechanism. This immunomodulatory activity was not dependent on adhesion to epithelial cells or bacteriocin production. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that expression of eight of twelve Cag pathogenicity island genes tested was downregulated by exposure to , but not by cells of four other lactobacillus species. CagA accumulated in cells following exposure to presumably as a result of loss of functionality of the Cag secretion system. These data identified a new mechanism whereby some probiotic bacteria have a positive effect on -associated inflammation without clearing the infection.

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2009-08-01
2024-03-28
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