Role of BK polyomavirus (BKV) and Torque teno virus (TTV) in liver transplant recipients with renal impairment Free

Abstract

Purpose. Renal impairment is a common complication after liver transplantation (LT). While BK polyomavirus (BKV) has been linked to renal failure in kidney transplant recipients, Torque teno virus (TTV) is a surrogate marker for immunosuppression that does not have a clear association with any human disease. The impact of BKV and TTV on renal impairment after LT is unknown.

Methodology. In this retrospective study, urine and serum samples from 136 liver transplant recipients were screened for BKV and TTV by quantitative PCR. In addition, serum was screened for BKV-specific antibodies and the VP1 typing region was sequenced for BKV genotyping. All parameters were correlated with clinical data.

Results/Key findings. BK viruria was detected up to 21 years after transplantation in 16.9 % of cases. BK viraemia was detected in 8.7 % of patients with BK viruria up to 4 years after LT. BKV-specific antibodies were detected in 93.6 % of all LT recipients and correlated with BKV viral load in urine. There was no correlation between renal impairment and the detection of BK DNA in urine (OR 0.983). TTV DNA was detected in 84.6 % of serum samples and in 66.6 % of urine samples. The TTV viral load in serum correlated with the BKV viral load but had no impact on renal impairment.

Conclusion. Our data indicate that the detection of BKV and TTV is not a risk factor for renal impairment after LT. A correlation of TTV and BKV viral load seems to be an indicator for the immune status of the host.

Keyword(s): BKV and TTV
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000823
2018-08-23
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/67/10/1496.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000823&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Lee JP, Heo NJ, Joo KW, Yi NJ, Suh KS et al. Risk factors for consequent kidney impairment and differential impact of liver transplantation on renal function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 25:2772–2785 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Salama M, Boudville N, Speers D, Jeffrey GP, Ferrari P et al. Decline in native kidney function in liver transplant recipients is not associated with BK virus infection. Liver Transpl 2008; 14:1787–1792 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ojo AO. Renal disease in recipients of nonrenal solid organ transplantation. Semin Nephrol 2007; 27:498–507 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Hirsch HH, Steiger J. Polyomavirus BK. Lancet Infect Dis 2003; 3:611–623 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Gardner SD, Field AM, Coleman DV, Hulme B. New human papovavirus (B.K.) isolated from urine after renal transplantation. Lancet 1971; 1:1253–1257 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Knowles WA, Pipkin P, Andrews N, Vyse A, Minor P et al. Population-based study of antibody to the human polyomaviruses BKV and JCV and the simian polyomavirus SV40. J Med Virol 2003; 71:115–123 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Siguier M, Sellier P, Bergmann JF. BK-virus infections: a literature review. Med Mal Infect 2012; 42:181–187 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Goudsmit J, Wertheim-van Dillen P, van Strien A, van der Noordaa J. The role of BK virus in acute respiratory tract disease and the presence of BKV DNA in tonsils. J Med Virol 1982; 10:91–99 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Knowles WA. Discovery and epidemiology of the human polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV). Adv Exp Med Biol 2006; 577:19–45 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dolei A, Pietropaolo V, Gomes E, di Taranto C, Ziccheddu M et al. Polyomavirus persistence in lymphocytes: prevalence in lymphocytes from blood donors and healthy personnel of a blood transfusion centre. J Gen Virol 2000; 81:1967–1973 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Kuppachi S, Kaur D, Holanda DG, Thomas CP. BK polyoma virus infection and renal disease in non-renal solid organ transplantation. Clin Kidney J 2016; 9:310–318 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Ambalathingal GR, Francis RS, Smyth MJ, Smith C, Khanna R et al. BK polyomavirus: clinical aspects, immune regulation, and emerging therapies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017; 30:503–528 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hirsch HH, Knowles W, Dickenmann M, Passweg J, Klimkait T et al. Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:488–496 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dropulic LK, Jones RJ. Polyomavirus BK infection in blood and marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008; 41:11–18 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Loeches B, Valerio M, Pérez M, Bañares R, Ledesma J et al. BK virus in liver transplant recipients: a prospective study. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:1033–1037 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Wang RY, Li YJ, Lee WC, Wu HH, Lin CY et al. The association between polyomavirus BK strains and BKV viruria in liver transplant recipients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28491 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Splendiani G, Cipriani S, Condò S, Paba P, Ciotti M et al. Polyoma virus BK and renal dysfunction in a transplanted population. Transplant Proc 2004; 36:713–715 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Spandole S, Cimponeriu D, Berca LM, Mihăescu G. Human anelloviruses: an update of molecular, epidemiological and clinical aspects. Arch Virol 2015; 160:893–908 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Schiemann M, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Eskandary F, Kohlbeck P, Rasoul-Rockenschaub S et al. Torque Teno virus load-inverse association with antibody-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2017; 101:360–367 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Focosi D, Antonelli G, Pistello M, Maggi F. Torquetenovirus: the human virome from bench to bedside. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:589–593 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Moen EM, Sagedal S, Bjøro K, Degré M, Opstad PK et al. Effect of immune modulation on TT virus (TTV) and TTV-like-mini-virus (TLMV) viremia. J Med Virol 2003; 70:177–182 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Focosi D, Macera L, Pistello M, Maggi F. Torque Teno virus viremia correlates with intensity of maintenance immunosuppression in adult orthotopic liver transplant. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:667–668 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Teutsch K, Schweitzer F, Knops E, Kaiser R, Pfister H et al. Early identification of renal transplant recipients with high risk of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy. Med Microbiol Immunol 2015; 204:657–664 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Warnke C, Pawlita M, Dehmel T, Posevitz-Fejfar A, Hartung HP et al. An assay to quantify species-specific anti-JC virus antibody levels in MS patients. Mult Scler 2013; 19:1137–1144 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Schmitt C, Raggub L, Linnenweber-Held S, Adams O, Schwarz A et al. Donor origin of BKV replication after kidney transplantation. J Clin Virol 2014; 59:120–125 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Gilles R, Herling M, Holtick U, Heger E, Awerkiew S et al. Dynamics of Torque Teno virus viremia could predict risk of complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Med Microbiol Immunol 2017; 206:355–362 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Maggi F, Pifferi M, Fornai C, Andreoli E, Tempestini E et al. TT virus in the nasal secretions of children with acute respiratory diseases: relations to viremia and disease severity. J Virol 2003; 77:2418–2425 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Görzer I, Haloschan M, Jaksch P, Klepetko W, Puchhammer-Stöckl E et al. Plasma DNA levels of Torque teno virus and immunosuppression after lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014; 33:320–323 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Albert E, Solano C, Pascual T, Torres I, Macera L et al. Dynamics of torque teno virus plasma DNAemia in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. J Clin Virol 2017; 94:22–28 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Umbro I, Tinti F, Muiesan P, Mitterhofer AP. Different behaviour of BK-virus infection in liver transplant recipients. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1532–1540 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Teutsch K, Schweitzer F, Knops E, Kaiser R, Pfister H et al. Early identification of renal transplant recipients with high risk of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy. Med Microbiol Immunol 2015; 204:657–664 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Egli A, Infanti L, Dumoulin A, Buser A, Samaridis J et al. Prevalence of polyomavirus BK and JC infection and replication in 400 healthy blood donors. J Infect Dis 2009; 199:837–846 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Sood P, Senanayake S, Sujeet K, Medipalli R, van-Why SK et al. Donor and recipient BKV-specific IgG antibody and posttransplantation BKV infection: a prospective single-center study. Transplantation 2013; 95:896–902 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Jin L. Molecular methods for identification and genotyping of BK virus. Methods Mol Biol 2001; 165:33–48[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Abend JR, Changala M, Sathe A, Casey F, Kistler A et al. Correlation of BK virus neutralizing serostatus with the incidence of bk viremia in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 2017; 101:1495–1505 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Ross RS, Viazov S, Runde V, Schaefer UW, Roggendorf M et al. Detection of TT virus DNA in specimens other than blood. J Clin Virol 1999; 13:181–184 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Chan PK, Chik KW, Li CK, Tang NL, Ming MS et al. Prevalence and genotype distribution of TT virus in various specimen types from thalassaemic patients. J Viral Hepat 2001; 8:304–309 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Rani A, Ranjan R, McGee HS, Metwally A, Hajjiri Z et al. A diverse virome in kidney transplant patients contains multiple viral subtypes with distinct polymorphisms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33327 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Béland K, Dore-Nguyen M, Gagné MJ, Patey N, Brassard J et al. Torque Teno virus in children who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation: new insights about a common pathogen. J Infect Dis 2014; 209:247–254 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000823
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000823
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary File 1

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed