@article{mbs:/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000369, author = "Martínez-Reséndez, Michel Fernando and González-Chávez, Juan Manuel and Garza-González, Elvira and Castro-Fuentes, Lorena Nefertiti and Gutiérrez-Ferman, Jessica Lizzeth and Echániz-Aviles, Gabriela and Camacho-Ortíz, Adrián and Carnalla-Barajas, María Noemí and Soto-Noguerón, Araceli and Maldonado-Garza, Héctor Jesús and Hernández-Balboa, Cristina Liliana and Llaca-Díaz, Jorge M. and Flores-Treviño, Samantha", title = "Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilm production and severity in lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary hospital in Mexico", journal= "Journal of Medical Microbiology", year = "2016", volume = "65", number = "12", pages = "1385-1391", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000369", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000369", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1473-5644", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae", keywords = "lower respiratory tract infection.", keywords = "biofilm", keywords = "APACHE", abstract = "Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common opportunistic bacterial pathogen that primarily infects the respiratory mucosa. This study was conducted to assess clinical and microbiological data related to disease severity in patients with lower respiratory tract infections caused by NTHi in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico. NTHi isolates were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility evaluationand analyses of β-lactamase production, genetic relatednessand biofilm formation. Clinical and demographic data were retrieved from patients’ records. The mean age of the patients was 40.3 years; the majority (n=44, 72.1 %) were male. The main comorbidities were arterial hypertension (n=22, 36.1 %) and diabetes mellitus (n=17, 27.9 %). NTHi isolates (n=98) were recovered from tracheal aspirate (n=57, 58.2 %), sputum (n=26, 26.5 %)and bronchial aspirate (n=15, 15.3 %) specimens. Low resistance to cefotaxime (n=0, 0.0 %), rifampin (n=1, 1.1 %) and chloramphenicol (n=3, 3.2 %) and greater resistance to ampicillin (n=30, 32.3 %) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (n=49, 52.7 %) were detected. β-Lactamase production was found in 17 (17.3 %) isolates. Isolates displayed high genetic diversity, and only 10 (10.2 %) were found to be biofilm producers. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of biofilm-producing and non-producing isolates did not differ. Biofilm production was associated with prolonged hospital stay (P=0.05). Lower respiratory NTHi isolates from Mexico showed low antimicrobial resistance and weak biofilm production. Younger age was correlated with lower Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (moderate, P=0.07; severe, P=0.03).", }