RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Azevedo, Jailton A1 dos Anjos, Eder Silva A1 Cordeiro, Soraia M. A1 dos Santos, Milena S. A1 Escobar, Eliane C. A1 Lobo, Paulo R. A1 Carvalho, Maria da Gloria A1 Reis, Mitermayer G. A1 Reis, Joice N. A1 Campos, Leila C.YR 2016 T1 Genetic profiles and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae non-PCV10 serotype isolates recovered from meningitis cases in Salvador, Brazil JF Journal of Medical Microbiology, VO 65 IS 10 SP 1164 OP 1170 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000346 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1473-5644, AB In 2010, the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced into the Brazilian childhood vaccination programme. Concerns have been raised that non-vaccine serotypes could increase in prevalence and reduce the benefits of vaccination; therefore, we examined non-PCV10 isolates recovered from meningitis during pre- (January 2008–May 2010) and post-vaccine (June 2010–December 2012) periods. Surveillance for pneumococcal meningitis was established at the Reference Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Salvador, Brazil. Serotypes were determined by multiplex PCR and/or Quellung reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by E-test and broth microdilution. Genotyping used PFGE and multi-locus sequence typing. A total of 148 cases of meningitis were identified from January 2008 to December 2012, 77 (52 %) of which were due to non-PCV10 isolates, with 50 (52.1 %) from pre-vaccine and 27 (52 %) from post-vaccine periods. In the post-vaccine period, the non-PCV10 serotypes 12F (n=6; 22.2 %), 10A (n=3; 11.1 %), 15B (n=2; 7.4 %) and 18B (n=2; 7.4 %) were the most prevalent. Forty-three isolates (55.8 %) were non-susceptible to one or more antibiotics. Non-susceptibility to penicillin was observed among serotypes 19A (three isolates), 9N (one isolate) and 12F (one isolate). PFGE and multi-locus sequence typing results demonstrated a wide genetic diversity among the isolates. During the early period following PCV10 introduction, no obvious emergence of a particular serotype was evident among non-PCV10 strains. This study underscores the importance of monitoring any changes among non-PCV10 cases after the introduction of PCV10., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000346