%0 Journal Article %A Azevedo, Jailton %A dos Anjos, Eder Silva %A Cordeiro, Soraia M. %A dos Santos, Milena S. %A Escobar, Eliane C. %A Lobo, Paulo R. %A Carvalho, Maria da Gloria %A Reis, Mitermayer G. %A Reis, Joice N. %A Campos, Leila C. %T Genetic profiles and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae non-PCV10 serotype isolates recovered from meningitis cases in Salvador, Brazil %D 2016 %J Journal of Medical Microbiology, %V 65 %N 10 %P 1164-1170 %@ 1473-5644 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000346 %K surveillance %K PCV10 %K Streptococcus pneumoniae %K genotypes %I Microbiology Society, %X In 2010, the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced into the Brazilian childhood vaccination programme. Concerns have been raised that non-vaccine serotypes could increase in prevalence and reduce the benefits of vaccination; therefore, we examined non-PCV10 isolates recovered from meningitis during pre- (January 2008–May 2010) and post-vaccine (June 2010–December 2012) periods. Surveillance for pneumococcal meningitis was established at the Reference Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Salvador, Brazil. Serotypes were determined by multiplex PCR and/or Quellung reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by E-test and broth microdilution. Genotyping used PFGE and multi-locus sequence typing. A total of 148 cases of meningitis were identified from January 2008 to December 2012, 77 (52 %) of which were due to non-PCV10 isolates, with 50 (52.1 %) from pre-vaccine and 27 (52 %) from post-vaccine periods. In the post-vaccine period, the non-PCV10 serotypes 12F (n=6; 22.2 %), 10A (n=3; 11.1 %), 15B (n=2; 7.4 %) and 18B (n=2; 7.4 %) were the most prevalent. Forty-three isolates (55.8 %) were non-susceptible to one or more antibiotics. Non-susceptibility to penicillin was observed among serotypes 19A (three isolates), 9N (one isolate) and 12F (one isolate). PFGE and multi-locus sequence typing results demonstrated a wide genetic diversity among the isolates. During the early period following PCV10 introduction, no obvious emergence of a particular serotype was evident among non-PCV10 strains. This study underscores the importance of monitoring any changes among non-PCV10 cases after the introduction of PCV10. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000346