Association of oral streptococci community dynamics with severe early childhood caries as assessed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis targeting the gene Free

Abstract

This study sought to investigate the possible association between the dynamics of oral streptococci community profiles and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) development, compared with caries-free (CF) controls. Supragingival plaque samples were evaluated from 8–32-month-old children who had previously been assessed for overall profiles of their oral microbial community. Twelve children were in each group. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using -specific primers for streptococci; the products were then subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequence analysis. We observed that the mean values for species richness () and diversity of oral streptococci (′) were significantly lower in the S-ECC group than in the CF group ( = 1.25 ± 4.14 vs 14.92 ± 2.84; ′ = 1.41 ± 0.29 vs 1.64 ± 0.18) at 32 months of age ( < 0.05). Significantly higher detection rates of and were found in the CF group compared with the S-ECC group at 32 months of age ( < 0.05). Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles showed that most of the clusters were constructed from one individual over time. These results suggested that the onset of S-ECC is accompanied by reduced diversity of oral streptococci, that the detection rates of and have negative correlations with S-ECC; and that there are high levels of intra-individual similarity for the oral streptococci community over time.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000093
2015-08-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/64/8/936.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000093&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. American Academy on Pediatric Dentistry & American Academy of Pediatrics 2008–2009; Policy on early childhood caries (ECC): classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. Pediatr Dent 30:(Suppl.)40–43[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Becker M.R., Paster B.J., Leys E.J., Moeschberger M.L., Kenyon S.G., Galvin J.L., Boches S.K., Dewhirst F.E., Griffen A.L. 2002; Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol 40:1001–1009 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Caufield P.W., Li Y., Dasanayake A., Saxena D. 2007; Diversity of lactobacilli in the oral cavities of young women with dental caries. Caries Res 41:2–8 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Diaz P.I., Chalmers N.I., Rickard A.H., Kong C., Milburn C.L., Palmer R.J. Jr, Kolenbrander P.E. 2006; Molecular characterization of subject-specific oral microflora during initial colonization of enamel. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:2837–2848 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Drury T.F., Horowitz A.M., Ismail A.I., Maertens M.P., Rozier R.G., Selwitz R.H. 1999; Diagnosing and reporting early childhood caries for research purposes. J Public Health Dent 59:192–197 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Emanuelsson I.R., Thornqvist E. 2000; Genotypes of mutans streptococci tend to persist in their host for several years. Caries Res 34:133–139 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Filoche S., Wong L., Sissons C.H. 2010; Oral biofilms: emerging concepts in microbial ecology. J Dent Res 89:8–18 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fromin N., Hamelin J., Tarnawski S., Roesti D., Jourdain-Miserez K., Forestier N., Teyssier-Cuvelle S., Gillet F., Aragno M., Rossi P. 2002; Statistical analysis of denaturing gel electrophoresis (DGE) fingerprinting patterns. Environ Microbiol 4:634–643 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Ge Y., Caufield P.W., Fisch G.S., Li Y. 2008; Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sanguinis colonization correlated with caries experience in children. Caries Res 42:444–448 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gross E.L., Leys E.J., Gasparovich S.R., Firestone N.D., Schwartzbaum J.A., Janies D.A., Asnani K., Griffen A.L. 2010; Bacterial 16S sequence analysis of severe caries in young permanent teeth. J Clin Microbiol 48:4121–4128 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Guo L., He X., Shi W. 2014; Intercellular communications in multispecies oral microbial communities. Front Microbiol 5:328 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hojo K., Nagaoka S., Ohshima T., Maeda N. 2009; Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm development. J Dent Res 88:982–990 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Innings A., Krabbe M., Ullberg M., Herrmann B. 2005; Identification of 43 Streptococcus species by pyrosequencing analysis of the rnpB gene. J Clin Microbiol 43:5983–5991 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Jiang W., Jiang Y., Li C., Liang J. 2011; Investigation of supragingival plaque microbiota in different caries status of Chinese preschool children by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Microb Ecol 61:342–352 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kanasi E., Dewhirst F.E., Chalmers N.I., Kent R., Jr, Moore A., Hughes C.V., Pradhan N., Loo C.Y., Tanner A.C. 2010; Clonal analysis of the microbiota of severe early childhood caries. Caries Res 44:485–497 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Klein M.I., Flório F.M., Pereira A.C., Höfling J.F., Gonçalves R.B. 2004; Longitudinal study of transmission, diversity, and stability of Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sobrinus genotypes in Brazilian nursery children. J Clin Microbiol 42:4620–4626 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kreth J., Merritt J., Shi W., Qi F. 2005; Competition and coexistence between Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sanguinis in the dental biofilm. J Bacteriol 187:7193–7203 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kreth J., Zhang Y., Herzberg M.C. 2008; Streptococcal antagonism in oral biofilms: Streptococcus sanguinis Streptococcus gordonii interference with Streptococcus mutans . J Bacteriol 190:4632–4640 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Li Y., Ge Y., Saxena D., Caufield P.W. 2007; Genetic profiling of the oral microbiota associated with severe early-childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol 45:81–87 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ling Z., Kong J., Jia P., Wei C., Wang Y., Pan Z., Huang W., Li L., Chen H., Xiang C. 2010; Analysis of oral microbiota in children with dental caries by PCR-DGGE and barcoded pyrosequencing. Microb Ecol 60:677–690 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Marsh P.D. 1994; Microbial ecology of dental plaque and its significance in health and disease. Adv Dent Res 8:263–271[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Muyzer G., de Waal E.C., Uitterlinden A.G. 1993; Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:695–700[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Nes I.F., Diep D.B., Holo H. 2007; Bacteriocin diversity in Streptococcus Enterococcus . J Bacteriol 189:1189–1198 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Okada M., Soda Y., Hayashi F., Doi T., Suzuki J., Miura K., Kozai K. 2005; Longitudinal study of dental caries incidence associated with Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sobrinus in pre-school children. J Med Microbiol 54:661–665 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Seki M., Yamashita Y., Shibata Y., Torigoe H., Tsuda H., Maeno M. 2006; Effect of mixed mutans streptococci colonization on caries development. Oral Microbiol Immunol 21:47–52 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Selwitz R.H., Ismail A.I., Pitts N.B. 2007; Dental caries. Lancet 369:51–59 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Smalla K., Wieland G., Buchner A., Zock A., Parzy J., Kaiser S., Roskot N., Heuer H., Berg G. 2001; Bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:4742–4751 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tanzer J.M., Livingston J., Thompson A.M. 2001; The microbiology of primary dental caries in humans. J Dent Educ 65:1028–1037[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tanzer J.M., Thompson A., Sharma K., Vickerman M.M., Haase E.M., Scannapieco F.A. 2012; Streptococcus mutans out-competes Streptococcus gordonii in vivo . J Dent Res 91:513–519 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Tao Y., Zhou Y., Ouyang Y., Lin H. 2013; Dynamics of oral microbial community profiling during severe early childhood caries development monitored by PCR-DGGE. Arch Oral Biol 58:1129–1138 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Täpp J., Thollesson M., Herrmann B. 2003; Phylogenetic relationships and genotyping of the genus Streptococcus by sequence determination of the RNase P RNA gene, rnpB . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1861–1871 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Thenisch N.L., Bachmann L.M., Imfeld T., LeisebachMinder T., Steurer J. 2006; Are mutans streptococci detected in preschool children a reliable predictive factor for dental caries risk? A systematic review. Caries Res 40:366–374 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Watanabe K., Kodama Y., Harayama S. 2001; Design and evaluation of PCR primers to amplify bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA fragments used for community fingerprinting. J Microbiol Methods 44:253–262 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Whiley R.A., Beighton D. 1998; Current classification of the oral streptococci. Oral Microbiol Immunol 13:195–216 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. WHO 1997 Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods, 4th edn. Geneva: World Health Organization;
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000093
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000093
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed