1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

The sensitivity of 25 strains of , comprising strains of the biotypes commonly encountered in the United Kingdom, was determined to six antibiotics and co-trimoxazole (a combination of sulphamethoxasole and trimethoprim) by means of four methods, including a modification of the ditchdiffusion method. The ditch method was shown to be satisfactory for routine sensitivity testing of brucellae. The strains were almost uniformly sensitive to tetracycline, and the MIC values were between four and eight times less than the expected peak plasma levels. The strains were not as sensitive to streptomycin as those previously reported by Spink (1956), and the MIC values to this antibiotic were distributed over a wider range of concentrations than those of gentamicin or kanamycin. A comparison of MIC, peak plasma levels and plasma half-lives suggest that gentamicin and kanamycin may be more effective than streptomycin in the treatment of brucellosis when used in combination with tetracycline.

The failure of ampicillin in the treatment of brucellosis accords with the finding that of 25 strains 17 had MIC values in excess of the peak plasma levels. An experiment with carbenicillin indicated that it was unlikely to be effective in the treatment of infection.

Synergism between sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim was demonstrated on all strains examined. The strains were less sensitive to trimethoprim than sulphamethoxazole, indicating that a high plasma value for trimethoprim should be maintained, but further clinical trials of co-trimoxazole are necessary.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-6-4-549
1973-11-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/6/4/medmicro-6-4-549.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-6-4-549&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Agius E., Mifsud J. 1962; The action of “ Penbritin ” on Brucella microorganisms. Archs Inst. Pasteur, Tunis 39:97
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Alton G. C., Jones L. M. 1967; Laboratory techniques in brucellosis. WHO Mono-graphs Series no. 55 Geneva:
  3. Braude A. I., Spink W. W. 1950; The action of aureomycin and other chemotherapeutic agents in experimental brucellosis. J. Immun 65:185
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bryant M. C. 1968 Antibiotics and their laboratory control London:
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bunn P. A. 1970; Kanamycin. Med. Clins N. Am 54:1245
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cox C. E. 1970; Gentamicin. Med. Clins N. Am 54:1305
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Darrell J. H., Garrod L. P., Waterworth Pamela M. 1968; Trimethoprim: laboratory and clinical studies. J. Clin. Path 21:202
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Drew C. D. M., Hughes D. T. D., Fowle A. S. E., Cassell M. A. 1967; Effective treatment of chronic bronchitis with short term trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole. Verl. Wien. med. Akad 1:293
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Farrell I. D. 1969; The use of antibiotics and antibacterial agents for the selective isolation of Brucella abortus. Ph.D. Thesis University of Liverpool;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Farrell I. D., Robertson L. 1967; The sensitivity of biotypes of Brucella abortus to three antibiotics used in selective media, and the description of a new biotype. J. Hyg., Camb 65:165
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Farid Z., Bassily S., Omar M. S. 1967; Ampicillin (“ Penbritin ”) in the treatment of acute Brucella melitensis septicaemia and Salmonella typhi urinary carriers. J. Trop. Med. Hyg 20:95
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Garrod L. P., O’Grady F. 1971; Antibiotics and chemotherapy. 3rd ed Edinburgh and London: p 70
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Giunchi G., de Rosa F., Fabiani F. 1971; Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole combination in the treatment of acute human brucellosis. Chemotherapy 16:332
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hassan A., Erian M. M., Farid Z., Hathout S. D., Sorensen K. 1971; Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in acute brucellosis. Br. Med. J 3:159
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Heilman F. R. 1949; The effect of combined treatment with aureomycin and dihydro-streptomycin on brucella infection in mice. Proc. Staff. Meet. Mayo Clin 24:133
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Herrell W. E., Barber T. E. 1949; The combined use of aureomycin and dihydro streptomycin in the treatment of brucellosis. Proc. Staff. Meet. Mayo Clin 24:138
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lal S., Modwal K. K., Fowle A. S. E., Peach B., Popham R. D. 1970; Acute brucellosis treated with trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole. Br. Med. J 3:256
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Mackaness G. V., Smith N. 1953; The bactericidal action of isoniazid, streptomycin and tetracycline on extracellular and intracellular tubercle bacilli. Am. Rev. Tuberc 67:322
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Magoffin R., Anderson D., Spink W. W. 1949; Therapy of experimental brucella infection in the developing chick embryo. IV. Therapy with aureomycin. J. Immun 62:125
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Martin N. J. 1970; The present status of streptomycin in antimicrobial therapy. Med. Clins N. Am 54:1161
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mcdevitt D. G. 1970; Ampicillin in the treatment of brucellosis: a controlled therapeutic trial. Br. J. Ind. Med 27:67
    [Google Scholar]
  22. O’grady F., Brown W. R. L., Gaya H., Mackintosh I. P. 1971; Antibiotic levels on continuous intravenous infusion. Lancet 1:209
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Ory E. M. 1970; The tetracyclines. Med. Clins N. Am 54:1173
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Richardson M., Holt J. N. 1962; Synergistic action of streptomycin with other antibiotics on intracellular Brucella abortus in vitro. J. Bact 84:638
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Rizzo-Naudi J., Griscti-Soler N., Ganado W. 1967; Human brucellosis: an evaluation of antibiotics in the treatment of brucellosis. Post-grad. Med. J 43:520
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Roux J., Renoux G. 1951; Action de l’association chloramphenicol aureomycin sur les Brucella in vitro. C. r. Séanc. Soc. Biol 145:264
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Shaffer J. M., Kucera C. J., Spink W. W. 1953; Evaluation of prolonged antibiotic therapy in mice with chronic brucella infection due to Brucella melitensis. J. Immun 70:31
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Spink W. W. 1956; The nature of brucellosis. Minneapolis: p 216
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Spink W. W. 1964; Host-parasite relationship in brucellosis. Lancet 2:161
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Suter F. 1952; Multiplication of tubercle bacilli within phagocytes cultivated in vitro, and effect of strentomvcin and isonicotinic acid hvdrazide. Am. Rev. Tuberc 65:775
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-6-4-549
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-6-4-549
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error