1887

Abstract

Formation of serum antibodies against α-toxin, teichoic acid and lipase was followed in 63 patients with septicaemia in 240 consecutive serum samples. Control subjects comprised 23 patients with septicaemia due to other causes and 21 febrile patients without septicaemia. An antibody response against α-toxin, measured by ELISA, was most common (40%) in the initial serum, but antibody to teichoic acid was present in the highest number of positive patients (60%) when samples were drawn between 0 and 30 days: 74% of the patients showed a positive antibody response to at least one of the three antigens. When complicated uncomplicated septicaemia was compared (samples taken 8–14 days), 14 (45%) of 31 patients had a positive response against α-toxin 12 (75%) of 16, against teichoic acid 16 (51%) of 31 12 (75%) of 16 and against lipase 15 (48%) of 31 8 (50%) of 16. Patients with low initial antibody levels displayed a poorer antibody response than those with higher initial antibody levels. This phenomenon was observed with all three antigens, but was most pronounced with α-toxin. The initial antibody levels may predict the antibody response during the course of the disease. ELISA titres against α-toxin correlated (r = 0.87) with biological neutralising activity of the antisera. The results may indicate a biological role of serum antibodies in staphylococcal septicaemia.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-3-217
1998-03-01
2024-12-02
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/47/3/medmicro-47-3-217.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-3-217&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Frimodt-Möller N., Espersen F., Rosdahl V. T., Bentzon M. W., Skinhöj P. Epidemiological aspects of Staphylococcus aureus in Denmark during 30 years from 1957–1987. In Möllby R., Flock J. I., Nord C. E., Christensson B. (eds) Staphylococci and staphylococcal infections Stuttgart: Gustav Fishers Verlag; 19949–11
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Shah M., Watanakunakom C. Changing patterns of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Am J Med Sci 1979; 278:115–121
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Verbrugh H. A., Peters R., Goessens W. H. F., Michel M. F. Distinguishing complicated from uncomplicated bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus: the value of ‘new’ and ‘old’ serological tests. J Infect Dis 1986; 153:109–115
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Wheat J., Kohler R. B., White A., Garten M. IgM and IgG antibody response to teichoic acid in infections due to Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis 1983; 147:1101
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Christensson B., Hedström S. Å., Kronvall G. Antibody response to alpha-and beta-hemolysin from Staphylococcus aureus in patients with staphylococcal infections and in normals. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand Sect B 1983; 91:351–356
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Granstrom M., Julander I., Möllby R. Serological diagnosis of deep Staphylococcus aureus infections by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for staphylococcal hemolysins and teichoic acid. Scand J Infect Dis 1983 Suppl 41132–135
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Herzog C., Wood H., Noel I., Booth J. Comparison of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method with counter-immunoelectrophoresis for detection of teichoic acid antibodies in sera from patients with Staphylococcus aureus infections. J Clin Microbiol 1984; 19:511–515
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Christensson B., Boutonnier A., Ryding U., Fournier J.-M. Diagnosing Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis by detecting antibodies against S. aureus capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8. J Infect Dis 1991; 163:530–533
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Bell J. A., Pennington T. H., Petrie D. T. Western blot analysis of staphylococcal antibodies present in human sera during health and disease. J Med Microbiol 1987; 23:95–99
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Reizenstein E., Hallander H. O., Blackwelder W. C., Kuhn I., Ljungman M., Möllby R. Comparison of five calculation modes for antibody ELISA procedures, using pertussis serology as a model. J Immunol Methods 1995; 183:279–290
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Packalen T. Bergquist. Staphylococci in throat and nose and antistaphylolysin titre. Acta Med Scand 1947; 127:291–295
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hammarström L., Granstrom M., Möllby R., Oxelius Y., Persson M. A., Smith C. L Ontogeny of IgG2 antibodies against S. aureus teichoic acid in normal and inmunodeficient children. Acta Paediatr Scand 1985; 74:126–130
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Christensson B., Fehrenbach F. J., Hedström S. Å. A new serological assay for Staphylococcus aureus infections: detection of IgG antibodies to S. aureus lipase with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Infect Dis 1985; 152:286–292
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Söderquist B. Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia. Aspects of exotoxins and the immune response PhD thesis Karolinska Institute; Stockholm, Sweden: 1995
    [Google Scholar]
  15. von Reyn C. F., Levy B. S., Arbeit R. D., Friedland G., Crumpacker C. S. Infective endocarditis: an analysis based on strict case definitions. Ann Intern Med 1981; 94:505–518
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Tyski S., Hryniewicz W., Jeljaszewicz J. Purification and some properties of the staphylococcal extracellular lipase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1983; 749:312–317
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Söderquist B., Colque-Navarro P., Blomqvist L., Olcen P., Holmberg H., Möllby R. Staphylococcal α-toxin in septicaemic patients; detection in serum, antibody response and production in isolated strains. Serodiagn Immunother Infect Dis 1993; 5:139–144
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kanclerski K., Möllby R. A simple and exact two-point interpolation method for determination of haemolytic activity in microtiter plates. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand Sect B 1987; 95:175–179
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Christensson B., Espersen F., Hedstrom S. Å., Kronvall G. Serological assays against Staphylococcus aureus peptidogly-can, crude staphylococcal antigen and staphylolysin in the diagnosis of serious S. aureus infections. Scand J Infect Dis 1985; 17:47–53
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Julander I. G., Granström M., Hedström S. Å., Möllby R. The role of antibodies against alpha-toxin and teichoic acid in diagnosis of staphylococcal infections. Infection 1983; 11:77–83
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Tyski S., Colque-Navarro P., Hryniewicz W., Granström M., Möllby R. Lipase versus teichoic acid and alpha-toxin as antigen in an enzyme immunoassay for serological diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1991; 10:447–449
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Christensson B., Hedstrom S. Å. Biochemical and biological properties of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia strains in relation to clinical characteristics. Scand J Infect Dis 1986; 18:297–303
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kanclerski K., Soderquist B., Kjellgren M., Holmberg H., Möllby R. Serum antibody response to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins and TSST-1 in patients with septicaemia. J Med Microbiol 1996; 44:171–177
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ericsson A., Granström M., Möllby R., Strandvik B. Antibodies to staphylococcal teichoic acid and alpha toxin in patients with cystic fibrosis. Acta Paediatr Scand 1986; 75:139–144
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Dziarski R. Antibody responses to Staphylococcus aureus cell wall antigens. Clin Immunol 1985; 6:58–64
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Herzog C. H., Berger R., Erb P., Hersperger S., Moldovany A. Serological evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in 136 patients: whole cell EIA (S. aureus E 1369) versus immunodifusion (Endo-Staph). Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium. Aix-Les Bains; France: 19960–25
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Nagel J. G., Tuazon C. U., Cardella T. A., Sheagren J. N. Teichoic acid serologic diagnosis of staphylococcal endocarditis. Use of gel diffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoretic methods. Ann Intern Med 1975; 82:13–17
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Möllby R. The antibody response in staphylococcal infections: diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The staphylococci. Zentralbl Backteriol 1991 Suppl 2161–68
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tuazon C. U., Sheagren J. N. Techoic acid antibodies in the diagnosis of serious infections with Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Intern Med 1976; 84:543–546
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Roitt I. M. Essential immunology. 6th edn Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1988154–158
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Christensson B., Hedstrom S. Å. Serological response to toxic shock syndrome toxin in Staphylococcus aureus infected patients and in healthy controls. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand Sect B 1985; 93:87–90
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Nordin U., Wannfors K., Colque-Navarro P., Möllby R., Heimdahl A. Antibody response in patients with osteomyelitis of the mandible. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 79:429–435
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Aronsson B., Granström M., Möllby R., Nord C. E. Serum antibody response to Clostridium difficile toxins in patients with Clostridium difficile diarrhoea. Infection 1985; 13:97–101
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Norrby-Teglund A., Kaul R., Low D. E. Evidence for the presence of streptococcal-superantigen-neutralizing antibodies in normal polyspecific immunoglobulin G. Infect Immun 1996; 64:5395–5398
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-3-217
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-3-217
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error