Dose effect of oral treatments on morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed mice Free

Abstract

Survival, weight loss, translocation and histological alterations in the terminal ileum, liver and spleen were studied in mice simultaneously immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and treated or not with until the death of all animals. The animals were divided into five groups: C1 (not immunosuppressed, not treated); C2 (immunosuppressed, not treated); B1 (immunosuppressed, treated with 10.0 mg); B2 (immunosuppressed, treated with 1.0 mg) and B3 (immunosuppressed, treated with 0.1 mg). Survival was higher in group B3 than in the other immunosuppressed groups. Weight loss was observed for all groups except C1. By day 7, some animals from each group were killed by ether inhalation for the determination of bacterial translocation and histopathological examination. Bacterial translocation to the liver was lower in groups C1 and B3 than in the other groups. The highest translocation to the liver and spleen was observed in group B1. Low translocation was observed in some animals, principally to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Histopathological examination showed a decrease in epithelial cell turnover with villus length reduction and loss of brush borders in group C2. Relative protection against these alterations was obtained when the animals were treated with the yeast, independently of the dose. Higher expression of the lymphoid component was also noted in the ileal lamina propria, liver and spleen of mice treated with the yeast, together with activation of the reticulo-endothelial system, when compared with group C2 where lymphocyte depletion was observed. This study suggests a relative protection of immunosuppressed animals by treatment with , but this phenomenon was inversely proportional to the yeast dose.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-2-111
1998-02-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/47/2/medmicro-47-2-111.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-2-111&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Singer C., Kaplan M. H., Armstrong D. Bacteremia and fungemia complicating neoplastic disease. A study of 364 cases. Am J Med 1977; 62:731–742
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Berg R. D., Garlington A. W. Translocation of certain indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs in a gnotobiotic mouse model. Infect Immun 1979; 23:403–411
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Morehouse J. L., Specian R. D., Stewart J. J., Berg R. D. Translocation of indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of mice after oral ricinoleic acid treatment. Gastroenterology 1986; 91:673–682
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Berg R. D., Wommack E., Deitch E. A. Immunosuppression and intestinal bacterial overgrowth synergistically promote bacterial translocation. Arch Surg 1988; 123:1359–1364
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Elmer G. W., Surawicz C. M., McFarland L. V. Biotherapeutic agents: a neglected modality for the treatment and prevention of selected intestinal and vaginal infections. JAMA 1996; 275:870–876
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Caetano J. A. M., Parames M. T., Babo M. J. Immunopharma-cological effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in healthy human volunteers. Int J Immunopharmacol 1986; 8:245–259
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Berg R., Bemasconi P., Fowler D., Gautreaux M. Inhibition of Candida albicans translocation from the gastrointestinal tract of mice by oral administration of Saccharomyces boulardii. J Infect Dis 1993; 168:1314–1318
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Saint-Marc T., Rossello-Prats L., Touraine J. L. Efficacite de Saccharomyces boulardii dans le traitement des diarrhees du SIDA. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1991; 142:64–65
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Cesario T. L., Slater L. M., Armentrout S. A., Thrupp L. D., Tilles J. G. Septicemia in acute leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol 1978; 5:193–203
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Klatersky J. Therapy of bacterial infections in cancer patients. In Verhoeft P., Peterson P. K., Quie P. G. (eds) Infections in the immunocompromised host-Pathogenesis, prevention and therapy Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Publishing Co; 1980207–299
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Witt D. J., Craven D. E., McCabe W. R. Bacterial infections in adult patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex. Am J Med 1987; 82:900–906
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gautreaux M. D., Deitch E. A., Berg R. D. T lymphocytes in host defense against bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract. Infect Immun 1994; 62:2874–2884
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Katz S., Jimenez M. A., Lehmkuhler W. E., Grosfeld J. L. Liver bacterial clearance following hepatic artery ligation and portacaval shunt. J Surg Res 1991; 51:267–270
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Saba T. M. Physiology and physiopathology of the reticuloendothelial system. Arch Intern Med 1970; 126:1031–1052
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Ducluzeau R., Bensaada M. Effet compare de l’administration unique ou en continu de Saccharomyces boulardii sur l’etablissement de diverses souches de Candida dans le tractus digestif de souris gnotoxéniques. [Comparative effect of a single or continuous administration of “ Saccharomyces boulardii” on the establishment of various strains of “Candida” in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice.]. Ann Microbiol 1982; 133:491–501
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Rodrigues A. C. P., Nardi R. M., Bambirra E. A., Vieira E. C., Nicoli J. R. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii against experimental oral infection with Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella flexneri in conventional and gnotobiotic mice. J Appl Bacteriol 1996; 81:251–256
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Matsuo T., Kurahashi Y., Nishida S., Onodera C., Izawa M., Hamuro J. Effect of lentinan, a specific T-cell adjuvant, on murine granulopoiesis and its roles on antitumor effect. Int J Immunopharmacol 1982; 4:269 (Abstract)
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Patchen M., MacVittie T. Effects of a soluble glucan on hemopoietic stem cell proliferation. Int J Immunopharmacol 1982; 4:273 (Abstract)
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Way C. F., Dougherty W. J., Cook J. Inhibition of glucan induced hepatic granuloma formation by indomethacin or essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Int J Immunopharmacol 1982; 4:269 (Abstract)
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Hamuro J., Akiyama Y., Iguchi Y., Isawa M., Matsuo T. Distinct roles of serum factors induced by a T cell specific immune adjuvant lentinan in cellular immune responses. Int J Immunopharmacol 1982; 4:268 (Abstract)
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Dias R. S., Bambirra E. A., Silva M. E., Nicoli J. R. Protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii against the cholera toxin in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 1995; 28:323–325
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Neumann E., Oliveira M. A., Péret L. A. The probiotic stimulation of the host mononuclear phagocyte system in gnotobiotic and conventional mice. XIIth International Symposium on Gnotobiology 1996 Honolulu, Hawaii: Abstract S-28
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Berg R. D. Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract. Trends Microbiol 1995; 3:149–154
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-2-111
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-47-2-111
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed