The heparin-binding properties of six different species of coagulase-negative staphylococci were examined by a particle agglutination assay. Heparin (mol.wt 4000-6000), mildly treated with sodium periodate, was covalently coupled to amino-modified latex beads (0.72 μm diameter). The particle agglutination assay was validated by comparing results with the adhesion (percentage binding of adherent cells) of coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains to heparinised microtitration plates. Of 38 different coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains tested, 30 showed agglutination reactivity with heparincoated latex beads. Strains of different coagulase-negative staphylococcal species agglutinated heparin-coated latex beads to various extents (e.g., cells of Staphylococcus haemolyticus strains reacted more strongly than cells of S. epidermidis strains). The agglutination reaction was significantly inhibited by fucoidan, suramin, λ-carrageenan and other sulphated compounds, but not by non-sulphated carbohydrate polymers such as hyaluronic acid. Agglutination of staphylococcal cells with heparin-coated latex beads was completely blocked by a cell-surface extract. These results suggest that structures responsible for heparin binding are exposed on the cell surface.
TyrrellD. J.,
KilfeatherS.,
PageC. P. Therapeutic uses of heparin beyond its traditional role as an anticoagulant. Trends Pharmacol Sci1995; 16:198–204
LyckeE.,
JohanssonM.,
SvennerholmB.,
LindahlU. Binding of Herpes simplex virus to cellular heparan sulphate, an initial step in the adsorption process. J Gen Virol1991; 72:1131–1137
ChenJC-R,
StephensR. S. Trachoma and LGV biovars of Chlamydia trachomatis share the same glycosaminoglycan-dependent mechanism for infection of eukaryotic cells. Mol Microbiol1994; 11:501–507
ChoiS. H.,
StinsonM. W. Purification of a Streptococcus mutans protein that binds to heart tissue and glycosaminoglycans. Infect Immun1989; 57:3834–3840
Ortega-BarriaE.,
PereiraM. E. A. A novel T. cruzi heparinbinding protein promotes fibroblast adhesion and penetration of engineered bacteria and Trypanosomes into mammalian cells. Cell1991; 67:411–421
AscencioF.,
Fransson, L-A, WadstromT. Affinity of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori for the N-sulphated glycosaminoglycan heparan sulphate. J Med Microbiol1993; 38:240–244
HirmoS.,
UttM.,
RingerM. Inhibition of heparan sulphate and other glycosaminoglycans binding to Helicobacter pylori by various polysulphated carbohydrates. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol1995; 10:301–306
ButcherB. A.,
SklarL. A.,
SeamerL. C.,
GlewR. H. Heparin enhances the interaction of infective Leishmania donovani promastigotes with mouse peritoneal macrophages. A fluorescence flow cytometric analysis. J Immunol1992; 148:2879–2886
PaulssonM.,
GoudaI.,
LarmO.,
LjunghA. Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to heparin and other glycosaminoglycans immobilized on polymer surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res1994; 28:311–317
WadströmT.,
HolderI. A.,
KronvallG. Molecular pathogenesis of surgical infections. 21st Erik K. Femstrom Symposium Stuttgart: Gustav Fisher Verlag; 1994
MamoW.,
FrömanG. In vivo-like antigenic surface properties of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis induced upon growth in milk whey. Microbiol Immunol1994; 38:801–804
AscencioF.,
AleljungP.,
WadströmT. Particle agglutination assays to identify fibronectin and collagen cell surface receptors and lectins in Aeromonas and Vibrio species. Appl Environ Microbiol1990; 56:1926–1931
EiringP.,
MannckeB.,
GerbrachtK.,
WernerH.Bacteroides fragilis adheres to laminin significantly stronger than Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and other species of the genus. Int J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol Infect Dis1995; 282:279–286
RezaA. H.,
AscencioF.,
Ljunch, Å., WadströmT. Particle agglutination assay for detection of albumin and IgG binding cell surface components of Helicobacter pylori. Int J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol Infect Dis1995; 282:255–264