1887

Abstract

Summary

The effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the lymphoid organs in C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice was investigated. In C3H/HeN mice, LPS induced apoptosis, characterised by morphological nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation resulting in thymic atrophy. Similar but less severe changes were also observed in the spleen and lymph nodes. In C3H/HeJ mice, only a slight depletion of lymphocyte numbers was observed in the lymphoid organs. The plasma endotoxin levels were dependent on the LPS dose regardless of mouse strain. On the other hand, the plasma TNF-a levels were significantly elevated in C3 H/HeN mice 1h post-injection and the time course of plasma corticosterone concentration correlated well with the development of apoptosis. These findings suggest that TNF-a and corticosterone may play an important role in LPS-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-4-251
1995-10-01
2024-03-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/43/4/medmicro-43-4-251.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-4-251&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Morrison D. C., Ulevitch R. J. The effects of bacterial endotoxins on host mediation systems. A review. Am J Pathol 1978; 93:527–617
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Morrison D. C., Ryan J. L. Endotoxins and disease mechanisms. Amu Rev Med 1987; 38:417–432
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Morrison D. C., Ryan J. L. Bacterial endotoxins and host immune responses. Adv Immunol 1979; 28:293–450
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Landy M., Baker P. J. Cytodynamics of the distinctive immune response produced in regional lymph nodes by salmonella somatic polysaccharide. J Immunol 1966; 97:670–679
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Reed N. D., Manning J. K., Rudbach J. A. Immunologic responses of mice to lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis 1973; 128: Suppl S70–S74
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Roeder D. J., Lei M.-G., Morrison D. C. Endotoxic-lipopoiysaccharide-specific binding proteins on lymphoid cells of various animal species: association with endotoxin susceptibility. Infect Immun 1989; 57:1054–1058
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Baroni C. D., Ruco L., Soravito de Franceschi G., Uccini S., Adorini L., Doria G. Biological effects of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo. I. Selection in the mouse thymus of killer and helper cells. Immunology 1976; 31:217–224
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Yokochi T., Nakashima L., Kato N. Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody response. VIII. Its effect on the size and the number of cells of regional lymph node and other lymphoid organs. Microbiol Immunol 1980; 24:141–154
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Yokochi T., Nakashima I., Kato N., Asai J., Iijima S. Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody response. IX. Its effect on the histology of the regional lymph node and other lymphoid organs. Microbiol Immunol 1980; 24:933–944
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Zhang Y-H., Takahashi K., Jiang G., -Z. Kawai M., Fukuda M., Yokochi T. In vivo induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in mouse thymus by administration of lipopolysaccharide. Infect Immun 1993; 61:5044–5048
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Sultzer B. M. Genetic control of host responses to endotoxin. Infect Immun 1972; 5:107–113
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Sultzer B. M. Genetic analysis of lymphocyte activation by lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. Infect Immun 1976; 13:1579–1584
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Watson J., Riblet R. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in mice. I. Evidence for a single gene that influences mitogenic and immunogenic responses to lipopolysaccharides. J Exp Med 1974; 140:1147–1161
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Moeller G. R., Terry L., Snyderman R. The inflammatory response and resistance to endotoxin in mice. J Immunol 1978; 120:116–123
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hansen M. B., Nielsen S. E., Berg K. Re-examination and further development of a precise and rapid dye method for measuring cell growth/cell kill. J Immunol Methods 1989; 119:203–210
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Mason S. R., Ward L. C., Reilly P. E. B. Fluorimetric detection of serum corticosterone using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 1992; 581:267–271
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Rivier C., Chizzonite R., Vale W. In the mouse, the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by a lipopoly-saccharide(endotoxin) is mediated through interleukin-1. Endocrinology 1989; 125:2800–2805
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Perlstein R. S., Whitnall M. H., Abrams J. S., Mougey E. H., Neta R. Synergistic roles of interleukin-6, interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor in the adrenocorticotropin response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in vivo. Endocrinology 1993; 132:946–952
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Beutler B., Krochin N., Milsark I. W., Luedke C., Cerami A. Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance. Science 1986; 232:977–980
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Waage A., Bakke O. Glucocorticoids suppress the production of tumour necrosis factor by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human monocytes. Immunology 1988; 63:299–302
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Remick D. G., Stricter R. M., Lynch J. P., Nguyen D., Eskandari M., Kunkel S. L. In vivo dynamics of murine tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression. Kinetics of dexamethasone-induced suppression. Lab Invest 1989; 60:766–771
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Han J., Thompson P., Beutler B. Dexamethasone and pentoxifylline inhibit endotoxin-induced cachectin/tumor necrosis factor synthesis at separate points in the signaling pathway. J Exp Med 1990; 172:391–394
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Besedovsky H., del Rey A., Sorkin E., Dinarello C. A. Immuno-regulatory feedback between interleukin-1 and glucocorticoid hormones. Science 1986; 233:652–654
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lee S. W., Tsou A.-P., Chan H. Glucocorticoids selectively inhibit the transcription of the interleukin 1β gene and decrease the stability of interleukin 1β mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85:1204–1208
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Lew W., Oppenheim J. J., Matsushima K. Analysis of the suppression of IL-1α and IL-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear adherent cells by a glucocorticoid hormone. J Immunol 1988; 140:1895–1902
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Mukaida N., Zachariae C. C. O., Gusella G. L., Matsushima K. Dexamethasone inhibits the induction of monocyte chemotactic-activating factor production by IL-1 or tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol 1991; 146:1212–1215
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Wang S. D., Huang K. J., Lin Y. S., Lei H. Y. Sepsis-induced apoptosis of the thymocytes in mice. J Immunol 1994; 152:5014–5021
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Brouckaert P., Everaerdt B., Fiers W. The glucocorticoid antagonist RU38486 mimics interleukin-1 in its sensitization to the lethal and interleukin-6-inducing properties of tumor necrosis factor. Eur J Immunol 1992; 22:981–986
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Albina J. E., Cui S., Mateo R. B., Reichner J. S. Nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis in murine peritoneal macrophages. J Immunol 1993; 150:5080–5085
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Cohen J. J. Programmed cell death in the immune system. Adv Immunol 1991; 50:55–85
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Michalek S. M., Moore R. N., McGhee J. R., Rosenstreich D. L., Mergenhagen S. E. The primary role of lymphoreticular cells in the mediation of host responses to bacterial endotoxin. J Infect Dis 1980; 141:55–63
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-4-251
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-4-251
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error