1887

Journal of Medical Microbiology logo

Volume 43, Issue 2

A protective role for lymphocytes in cyclophosphamide-induced endogenous bacteraemia in mice Free

Abstract

Summary

Cyclophosphamide (CY) is used in many animal studies, including models of bacteraemia, to deplete peripheral neutrophils and induce a compromised state. Although CY also influences lymphocyte function, the protective role of lymphocytes in bacteraemia is unclear. Therefore, CY (200 mg/kg) was administered to ddY mice and its influence on the number, cellular composition, and function of lymphocytes in the spleen and Peyer’s patches was examined. A single dose of CY reduced the number of lymphocytes in a time-dependent fashion. Flow cytometry showed that B cells carrying B220 antigen decreased significantly. The production of IgA in Peyer’s patches, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was also suppressed in a time-dependent fashion. Blastogenic responses of splenic lymphocytes to Concanavalin-A, lipopolysaccharide and heat-killed were suppressed 48 h after CY administration. The results suggest that CY suppresses the number and function of lymphocytes, especially B cells. This may lead to bacterial overgrowth in the gut and result in bacteraemia. Intravenous transfusion of normal lymphocytes or oral inoculation of IgA to mice with D4 endogenous bacteraemia significantly increased survival rates, indicating that lymphocytes and their products have a protective role in bacteraemia in mice.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
© J. MED. MICROBIOL. 1995
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141
1995-08-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/43/2/medmicro-43-2-141.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bodey G. P. Epidemiological studies of Pseudomonas species in patients with leukemia. Am J Med Sci 1970; 260:82–89
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Schimpff S. C., Young V. M., Greene W. H., Vermeulen G. D., Moody M. R., Wiernik P. H. Origin of infection in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Significance of hospital acquisition of potential pathogens. Ann Intern Med 1972; 77:707–714
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Young L. S., Stevens P., Kaijser B. Gram-negative pathogens in septicaemic infections. Scand J Infect Dis 1982 Suppl 3178–94
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Tancrede C. H., Andremont A. O. Bacterial translocation and gram-negative bacteremia in patients with hematological malignancies. J Infect Dis 1985; 152:99–103
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Baltch A. L., Griffin P. E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: a clinical studv of 75 patients. Am J Med Sci 1977; 274:119–129
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Pollack M., Young L. S. Protective activity of antibodies to exotoxin A and lipopolysaccharide at the onset of Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in man. J Clin Invest 1979; 63:276–286
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Roberts F. J., Geere J. W., Coldman A. A three-year study of positive blood cultures, with emphasis on prognosis. Rev Infect Dis 1991; 13:34–46
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Hirakata Y., Tomono K., Tateda K. Role of bacterial association with Kupffer cells in occurrence of endogenous systemic bacteremia. Infect Immun 1991; 59:289–294
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Hirakata Y., Kaku M., Tomono K. Efficacy of erythromycin lactobionate for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36:1198–1203
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Hirakata Y., Furuya N., Tateda K., Kaku M., Yamaguchi K. In-vivo production of exotoxin A and its role in endogenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in mice. Infect Immun 1993; 61:2468–2473
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Furuya N., Hirakata Y., Tomono K. Mortality rates amongst mice with endogenous septicaemia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from various clinical sources. J Med Microbiol 1993; 39:141–146
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Matsumoto T., Kaku M., Furuya N. Amphotericin B-induced resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice. J Antibiot 1993; 46:777–784
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Collins H. H., Cross A. S., Dobek A., Opal S. M., McClain J. B., Sadoff J. C. Oral ciprofloxacin and a monoclonal antibody to lipopolysaccharide protect leukopenic rats from lethal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Infect Dis 1989; 159:1073–1082
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Opal S. M., Cross A. S., Kelly N. M. Efficacy of a monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor in protecting neutropenic rats from lethal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Infect Dis 1990; 161:1148–1152
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Patterson T. F., Fothergill A. W., Rinaldi M. G. Efficacy of itraconazole solution in a rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37:2307–2310
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Melissen P. M. B., van Vianen W., Bakker-Woudenberg I. A. J. M. Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia in normal and leukopenic mice by liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamide. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38:147–150
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Alder J., Mitten M., Jarvis K., Gupta P., Clement J. Efficacy of clarithromycin for treatment of experimental Lyme disease in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37:1329–1333
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Okuyama H., Matsunaga T., Kobayashi S., Hashimoto Y., Kawaguchi Y., Yamamoto K. Effect of cyclophosphamide pretreatment on defective delayed-type hypersensitivity in autoimmune-prone MRL mice. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1989; 88:394–401
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Smith H. R., Chused T. M., Steinberg A. D. Cyclophosphamide-induced changes in the MRL-lpr/lpr mouse: effects upon cellular composition, immune function, and disease. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1984; 30:51–61
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Zhu L. P., Cupps T. R., Whalen G., Fauci A. S. Selective effects of cyclophosphamide therapy on activation, proliferation, and differentiation of human B cells. J Clin Invest 1987; 79:1082–1090
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Sabbele N. R., Van Oudenaren A., Benner R. The effect of cyclophosphamide on B cells and ‘background’ immunoglobulin-secreting cells in mice. Immunopharmacology 1988; 15:21–30
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Potter C. G., Gotch F., Warne G. T., Oestrup J. L. ymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic assays using flat-bed scintillation counting. J Immunol Methods 1987; 105:171–177
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Kobayashi T., Ohmori T., Yanai M., Kawanishi G., Yoshikai Y., Nomoto K. Protective effect of orally administering immune milk on endogenous infection in X-irradiated mice. Agric Biol Chem 1991; 55:2266–2272
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Porter P., Noakes D. E., Allen W. D. Secretory IgA and antibodies to Escherichia coli in porcine colostrum and milk and their significance in the alimentary tract of the young pig. Immunology 1970; 18:245–257
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Yardley J. H., Keren D. F., Hamilton S. R., Brown G. D. Local (immunoglobulin A) immune response by the intestine to cholera toxin and its partial suppression with combined systemic and intra-intestinal immunization. Infect Immun 1978; 19:589–597
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141
Loading
A protective role for lymphocytes in cyclophosphamide-induced endogenous bacteraemia in mice
J. Med. Microbiol. 43, 141 (1995); https://doi.org/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-43-2-141
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error