1887

Journal of Medical Microbiology logo

Volume 41, Issue 5

Trimethoprim resistance in urinary pathogens in northern Scotland: epidemic spread of a resistance plasmid encoding the type Ib trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase Free

Abstract

Summary

The prevalence of trimethoprim resistance in enterobacterial urinary pathogens from hospitalised patients in the Angus district of northern Scotland (22.8 %) was twice that found in similar isolates from patients attending general practitioners (11.2%). Thirty-three of the 143 trimethoprim-resistant strains were shown to harbour transferable plasmids conferring high-level trimethoprim resistance. In total, 17 different plasmid types were distinguished. Two plasmids, pUK1184 and pUK1185, accounted for 36% of the trimethoprim resistance plasmids and were shown by restriction endonuclease digestion fingerprints to be closely related to plasmid pUK28, previously demonstrated to be endemic in urinary pathogens in the Edinburgh area. Only 21 % of the plasmids were shown to encode the type la trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase, whereas 70 % of the trimethoprim resistance plasmids were found to encode the type Ib dihydrofolate reductase. Hybridisation of the trimethoprim resistance plasmids identified in this study with gene probes specific for the integrase genes of transposons Tn and Tn indicates that the is rarely present within Tn or related transposons in these plasmids and may be more prevalent within Tn-like transposons. In contrast, with the exception of the two endemic plasmids that harboured the gene within a Tn-like transposon, the majority of genes were not found to be associated with either Tn- or Tn-like structures.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Copyright 1994, The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343
1994-11-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/41/5/medmicro-41-5-343.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Amyes SGB, Smith JT. R-factor trimethoprim resistance mechanism: an insusceptible target site. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 58:412–418
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Young H-K, Thomson CJ. Plasmid-encoded trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductases in gram-negative bacteria. J Med Microbiol 1990; 31:7–9
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Parsons Y, Hall RM, Stokes HW. A new trimethoprim resistance gene, dhfrX, in the In7 integron of plasmid pDGO100. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35:2436–2439
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Amyes SGB, Towner KJ, Young H-K. Classification of plasmid-encoded dihydrofolate reductases conferring trimethoprim resistance. J Med Microbiol 1992; 36:1–3
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Singh KV, Reves RR, Pickering LK, Murray BE. Identification by DNA sequence analysis of a new plasmid-encoded trimethoprim resistance gene in fecal Escherichia coli isolates from children in day-care centers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36:1720–1726
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Barth PT, Datta N, Hedges RW, Grinter NJ. Transposition of a deoxyribonucleic acid sequence encoding trimethoprim and streptomycin resistances from R483 to other replicons. J Bacteriol 1976; 125:800–810
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Goldstein FW, Acar JF. Evolution and spread of trimethoprim resistance in gram-negative bacteria. J Med Microbiol 1990; 31:1–4
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Sundström L, Swedberg G, Sköld O. Characterization of transposon Tn5086, carrying the site-specifically inserted gene dhfrVII mediating trimethoprim resistance. J Bacteriol 1993; 175:1796–1805
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Young H-K, Qumsieh MJ, McIntosh ML. Nucleotide sequence and genetic analysis of the type Ib trimethoprim-resistant, Tn4132-encoded dihydrofolate reductase. J Antimicrob Chemother 1994 (in press)
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Towner KJ, Young H-K, Thomson CJ, Amyes SGB. Detection in the United Kingdom of trimethoprim-resistant Escherichia coli encoding the type V dihydrofolate reductase. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1990; 9:149–150
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Heikkila E, Sundström L, Huovinen P. Trimethoprim resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from a geriatric unit. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34:2013–2015
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Heikkila E, Renkonen OV, Sunila R, Uurasmaa P, Huovinen P. The emergence and mechanisms of trimethoprim resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from outpatients in Finland. J Antimicrob Chemother 1990; 25:275–283
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Sundström L., Vinayagamoorthy T., Sköld O. Novel type of plasmid-borne resistance to trimethoprim. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31:60–66
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Sundström L, Radstrom P., Swedberg G, Sköld O. Site-specific recombination promotes linkage between trimethoprim-and sulfonamide resistance genes. Sequence characterization of dhfrV and sull and a recombination active locus of Tn21. Mol Gen Genet 1988; 213:191–201
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Sundström L, Sköld O. The dhfrlα trimethoprim resistance gene of Tn7 can be found at specific sites in other genetic surroundings. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34:642–650
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Wylie BA., Koornhof HJ. Trimethoprim resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated in South Africa. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989; 24:973–982
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Young H-K., Amyes SGB. Characterisation of a new transposon-mediated trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase. Biochem Pharmacol 1985; 34:4334–4337
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Tait S, Amyes SGB. Trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductases in normal faecal flora isolated in India. Epidemiol Infect 1994 (in press)
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Amyes SGB, Doherty CJ, Young H-K. High-level trimethoprim resistance in urinary bacteria. Eur J Clin Microbiol 1986; 5:287–291
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Amyes SGB. Trimethoprim resistance in urinary bacteria isolated from patients attending general practitioners. Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol 1987; 138:439–448
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Kraft CA, Platt DJ, Timbury MC. Distribution and transferability of plasmids in trimethoprim-resistant urinary strains of Escherichia coli: a comparative study of hospital isolates. J Med Microbiol 1984; 18:95–105
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Kraft CA, Timbury MC, Platt DJ. Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of trimethoprim resistance plasmids. Epidemiol Infect 1987; 98:241–252
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Bachmann BJ. Pedigrees of some mutant strains of Escherichia coli K-12. Bacteriol Rev 1972; 36:525–557
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Sharma PL, Sharma KB, Prakash K. Incidence of conjugative plasmid amongst multidrug resistant Salmonella tγphimurium strains isolated from different parts of India (1979–1982). Indian J Med Res 1984; 79:473–478
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Bimboim HC, Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 1979; 7:1513–1523
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J. Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; 1982
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Southern EM. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol 1975; 98:503–517
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Fling ME, Richards C. The nucleotide sequence of the trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase gene harbored by Tn7. Nucleic Acids Res 1983; 11:5147–5158
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Qumsieh MJ, Young H-K. Cloning of the type Ib trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase gene and preparation of a specific biotinylated DNA probe. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991; 27:707–712
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Wylie BA, Amyes SGB, Young H-K, Koornhof HJ. Identification of a novel plasmid-encoded dihydrofolate reductase mediating high-level resistance to trimethoprim. J Antimicrob Chemother 1988; 22:429–435
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Towner KJ, Carter GI. Cloning of the type VII trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase gene and identification of a specific DNA probe. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 58:19–22
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Steen R, Sköld O. Plasmid-borne or chromosomally mediated resistance by Tn7 is the most common response to ubiquitous use of trimethoprim. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 27:933–937
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Thomson CJ, Paton RH, Hood J, Miles RS, Amyes SGB. Antibiotic resistance in urinary bacteria isolated in central Scotland. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1992; 1:223–228
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343
Loading
Trimethoprim resistance in urinary pathogens in northern Scotland: epidemic spread of a resistance plasmid encoding the type Ib trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase
J. Med. Microbiol. 41, 343 (1994); https://doi.org/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-41-5-343
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error