1887

Abstract

Summary

The production of virulence factors was determined quantitatively for clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) strains of from The London Hospital. The examined factors were: production of enterotoxins A, B, C and D, determined by ELISA; quantitation and differentiation of the membrane-damaging and haemolysins; and coagulase production determined by a chromogenic assay. Enterotoxin A was produced by MRSA but not by MSSA. All the strains produced haemolysins and at similar levels, but MRSA produced significantly more coagulase than MSSA. MRSA and MSSA were compared in a phagocytosis assay but there was no difference between the phagocytosis of MRSA and MSSA by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. These findings indicate that MRSA from The London Hospital is at least as well equipped to cause disease as other isolates of , and probably better equipped than most hospital isolates of MSSA.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-30-4-245
1989-12-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/30/4/medmicro-30-4-245.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-30-4-245&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Jevons M. P. 1961; Celbenin-resistant staphylococci. Br Med J 1:124–125
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Marples R. R., Cooke E. M. 1988; Current problems with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect 11:381–392
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Marples R. R., Richardson J. F., de Saxe M. J. 1986; Bacteriological characters of strains of Staphylococcus aureus submitted to a reference laboratory related to methicillin resistance. Hyg 96:217–223
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Cooke E. M., Casewell M. W., Emmerson A. M. 1986; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the UK and Ireland. A questionnaire survey. J Hosp Infect 8:143–148
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Dacre J., Emmerson A. M., Jenner E. A. 1986; Gentamicin-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology and containment of an outbreak. J Hosp Infect 7:130–136
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Duckworth G. J., Oppenheim B. A. 1986; Enterotoxin production in epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet 1:565–566
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cookson B. D., Phillips I. 1988; Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 21: Suppl C57–65
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Duckworth G. J., Lothian J. L. E., Williams J. D. 1988; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: report of an outbreak in a London teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect 11:1–15
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Lacey R. W., Barr K. W., Barr V. E., Inglis T. J. 1986; Properties of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonising patients in a burns unit. J Hosp Infect 7:137–148
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lacey R. W., Grinsted J. 1973; Genetic analysis of methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus; evidence for their evolution from a single clone. J Med Microbiol 6:511–526
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Lacey R. W. 1987; Multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus–a suita ble case for inactivity?. J Hosp Infect 9:103–105
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Jordens J. Z. 1988; Adherence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococ cus aureus to HEp2 monolayers. J Med Microbiol 21:ix–x
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fey H., Pfister H., Ruegg O. 1984; Comparative evaluation of different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay systems for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins A. B, C and D. J Clin Microbiol 19:34–38
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Haque R.-U., Baldwin J. N. 1964; Purification and properties of staphylococcal beta-haemolysin. J Bacteriol 88:1304–1309
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Carlson E. C. 1986; A C02-enhanced hemolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic shock syndrome: inhibition by agar. J Infect Dis 154:186–188
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Wiseman G. M. 1970; The beta-and delta-toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. In Montie T. C., Kadis S., Ajl S. J. (eds) Microbial toxins New York, London: Academic Press;237
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Engels W., Kamps M. A., van Boven C. P. 1981; Rapid and direct staphylocoagulase assay that uses a chromogenic substrate for identification of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 14:496–500
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Verbrugh H. A., Peters R., Peterson P. K., Verhoef J. 1978; Phagocytosis and killing of staphylococci by human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leucocytes. J Clin Pathol 31:539–545
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lacey R. W., Chopra I. 1975; Effect of plasmid carriage on the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 8:137–147
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Cutler R. R. 1979; Relationship between antibiotic resistance, the production of ‘virulence factors’, and virulence for experimental animals in Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 12:55–62
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kinsman O. S., Naidoo J., Noble W. C. 1985; Some effects of plasmids coding for antibiotic resistance on the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus. Br J Exp Pathol 66:325–332
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lacey R. W. 1975; Antibiotic resistance plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus and their clinical importance. Bacteriol Rev 39:1–32
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Bergdoll M. S. 1983; Enterotoxins. In Easmon C. S. F., Adlam C. (eds) Staphylococci and staphylococcal infections London: Academic Press; 2559–598
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Garbe P. L., Arko R. J., Reingold A. L. 1985; Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with non-menstrual toxic shock syndrome. Evidence for additional toxins. J Am Med Assn 253:2538–2542
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Crass B. A., Bergdoll M. S. 1986; Involvement of staphylococcal enterotoxins in nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 23:1138–1139
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Humphreys H., Keane C. T., Hone R. 1989; Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cases of septicaemia and from healthy carriers. J Med Microbiol 28:163–172
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Cookson B., Talsania H., Naidoo J., Phillips I. 1986; Strategies for typing and properties of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol 5:702–709
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Duthie E. S. 1954; The production of free staphylococcal coagulase. J Gen Microbiol 10:437–444
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Gemmell C. G. 1985; The staphylococcus, its virulence factors and polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol HygSuppl 14:41–50
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Szymanowska B., Halasa J., Giedrys-Galank S. 1985; The contribution of protein A. coagulase and clumping factor to the defence of staphylococci against phagocytosis by human granulocytes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg Suppl 14:531
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Roberts J. I. S., Gaston M. A. 1987; Protein A and coagulase expression in epidemic and non-epidemic Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Pathol 40:837–840
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Dickson J. I. S., Marples R. R. 1986; Coagulase production by strains of Staphylococcus aureus of differing resistance characters: a comparison of two traditional methods with a latex agglutination system detecting both clumping factor and protein A. J Clin Pathol 39:371–375
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-30-4-245
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-30-4-245
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error