1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

The effect of heating or alkali-treatment on spore recovery in ordinary growth medium was examined for four strains of . Heating spores at 80°C for 10 min produced 95.50–99.95% decreases in the recovery rates. Treatment with 0.1 NaOH for 15 min produced 99.47 and 99.83% decreases in spore recovery rates for two of the four strains. The influence of either addition of lysozyme after treatment with sodium thioglycollate (thioglycollate-lysozyme method) or addition of sodium taurocholate (taurocholate method) on recovery of heat- or alkali-treated spores was also examined. Viable spores of all strains altered by heating at 90°C or 100°C for 10 min could not be recovered at all by the taurocholate method. Nor did this method allow recovery of alkali-altered spores treated with > 0.2 NaOH for 15 min. On the other hand, 10–47% of altered spores heated at 90°C for 10 min were recovered by the thioglycollate-lysozyme method, and alkali-altered spores treated with 0.1—0.3 NaOH for 15 min were as completely recovered by this method as untreated spores. These results indicate that the thioglycollate-lysozyme method is more effective than the taurocholate method for recovery of the heat- or alkali-altered spores.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-28-3-217
1989-03-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/28/3/medmicro-28-3-217.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-28-3-217&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adams D. M. 1973; Inactivation of Clostridium perfringens type A spores at ultrahigh temperatures. Applied Microbiology 26:282–287
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bartlett J. G., Chang T. W., Gurwith M., Gorbach S. L., Onderdonk A. B. 1978; Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis due to toxin-producing Clostridia. New England Journal of Medicine 298:531–534
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Borriello S. P., Larson H. E. 1981; Antibiotics and pseudomembranous colitis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 7: Suppl A 53–62
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Buggy B. P., Hawkins C. C., Fekety R. 1985; Effect of adding sodium taurocholate to selective media on the recovery of Clostridium difficile from environmental surfaces. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 21:636–637
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Buggy B. P., Wilson K. H., Fekety R. 1983; Comparison of methods for recovery of Clostridium difficile from an environmental surface. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 18:348–352
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Duncan C. L., Labbe R. G., Reich R. R. 1972; Germination of heat-and alkali-altered spores of Clostridium perfringens type A by lysozyme and an initiation protein. Journal ofBacteriology 109:550–559
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Fekety R. 1980; Studies on the epidemiology of antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile colitis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33: Suppl 2527–2532
    [Google Scholar]
  8. George W. L., Sutter V. L., Goldstein E. J. C., Ludwig S. L., Finegold S. M. 1978; Aetiology of antimicrobial agent-associated colitis. Lancet 1:802–803
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gould G. W., Hitchins A. D. 1965; Germination of spores with Strange and Dark’s spore lytic enzyme. In Campbell L. L., Halvorson H. O. (eds) Spores III American Society for Microbiology; Ann Arbor: pp 213–221
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gould G. W., King W. L. 1969; Action and properties of spore germination enzymes. In Campbell L. L. (ed) Spores IV American Society for Microbiology; Bethesda: pp 276–286
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Ionesco H. 1978; Initiation de la germination des spores de Clostridium difficile par le lysozyme. Comptes Rendus des Seances de I’Academie des Sciences, Serie D. Sciences Naturelles; (Paris): 287659–661
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kamiya S., Yamakawa K., Ogura H., Nakamura S. 1987; Effect of various sodium taurocholate preparations on the recovery of Clostridium difficile spores. Microbiology and Immunology 31:1117–1120
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kim K. H. 1981; Isolation of Clostridium difficile from the environment and contacts of patients with antibiotic-associated colitis. Journal of Infectious Diseases 143:42–50
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Larson H. E., Price A. B., Borriello S. P. 1980; Epidemiology of experimental enterocecitis due to Clostridium difficile. Journal of Infectious Diseases 142:408–413
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Larson H. E., Price A. B., Honour P., Borriello S. P. 1978; Clostridium difficile and the aetiology of pseudomembranous colitis. Lancet 1:1063–1066
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Nakamura S., Nakashio S., Inamatsu T., Nishida N., Taniguchi N., Nichida S. 1980; Toxigenicity of Clostridium difficile isolates from patients and healthy adults. Microbiology and Immunology 24:995–997
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Nakamura S., Yamakawa K., Izumi J., Nakashio S., Nishida S. 1985; Germinability and heat resistance of spores of Clostridium difficile strains. Microbiology and Immunology 29:113–118
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Raibaud P., Ducluzeau R., Dubos F., Hudault S., Bewa H., Muller M. C. 1980; Implantation of bacteria from the digestive tract of man and various animals into gnotobiotic mice. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33: Suppl 2440–2447
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Roberts T. A. 1968; Heat and radiation resistance and activation of spores of Clostridium welchii. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 31:133–144
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Wilson K. H. 1983; Efficiency of various bile salt preparations for stimulation of Clostridium difficile spore germination. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 18:1017–1019
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Wilson K. H., Kennedy M. J., Fekety F. R. 1982; Use of sodium taurocholate to enhance spore recovery on a medium selective for Clostridium difficile. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15:443–446
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-28-3-217
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-28-3-217
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error