1887

Journal of Medical Microbiology logo

Volume 19, Issue 2

Antibiotic Resistance in Isolated at an Australian Hospital between 1946 and 1981 Free

Abstract

Summary

A total of 517 strains of isolated at a hospital in Melbourne, Australia between 1946 and 1981 was examined for resistance to a range of antimicrobial agents and for the presence of plasmid DNA. The use of mixed-culture transfer and restriction endonuclease analysis showed that the determinants for resistance to penicillin and to the heavy metals were carried by several related plasmids of (15–23) × 10 mol. wt, and that tetracycline resistance was encoded on a plasmid of 2·8 × 10 mol. wt in strains isolated before 1970. These phenotypes were chromosomally encoded in the majority of strains isolated thereafter. Resistance to chloramphenicol throughout the study period was plasmid-mediated. Of five aminoglycoside-resistance phenotypes, one was plasmid-mediated and three were chromosomally encoded. The remaining phenotype, specifying low-level gentamicin resistance, was found to be located on the chromosome of early isolates, but in later strains was borne by an 18 × 10 mol. wt plasmid which also encoded resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© 1985 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137
1985-04-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/19/2/medmicro-19-2-137.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Daniels D L, Schroeder J L, Szybalski W, Sanger F, Blattner F R. 1983; A molecular map of coliphage lambda. Hendrix R W, Roberts J W, Stahl F W, Weisberg R A. Lambda II Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; New York:469–517
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Gillespie M T, May J W, Skurray R A. 1984; Antibiotic susceptibilities and plasmid profiles of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a retrospective study. Journal of Medical Microbiology 17:295–310
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Horinouchi S, Weisblum B. 1982; Nucleotide sequence and functional map of pE194, a plasmid that specifies inducible resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin type B antibiotics. Journal of Bacteriology 150:804–814
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Khan S A, Novick R P. 1983; Complete nucleotide sequence of pT 181, a tetracycline-resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureas . Plasmid 10:251–259
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Le Goffic F, Martel A, Capmau M L, Baca B, Goebel P, Chardon H, Soussy C J, Duval J, Bouanchaud D H. 1976; New plasmid-mediated nucleotidylation of aminoglycoside antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 10:258–264
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Lyon B R, Iuorio J L, May J W, Skurray R A. 1984a; Molecular epidemiology of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus in Australian hospitals. Journal of Medical Microbiology 17:79–89
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Lyon B R, May J W, Skurray R A. 1983; Analysis of plasmids in nosocomial strains of multiple-antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 23:817–826
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Lyon B R, May J W, Skurray R A. 1984b; Tn4001: a gentamicin and kanamycin resistance transposon in Staphylococcus aureus . Molecular and General Genetics 193:554–556
     [Google Scholar]
  9. McDonnell R W, Sweeney H M, Cohen S. 1983; Conjugational transfer of gentamicin resistance plasmids intra- and interspecifically in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 23:151–160
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Novick R P, Khan S A, Murphy E, Iordanescu S, Edelman I, Krolewski J, Rush M. 1981; Hitchhiking transposons and other mobile genetic elements and site-specific recombination systems in Staphylococcus aureus . In: Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology XLV Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;67–76
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Novick R, Sanchez-Rivas C, Grass A, Edelman I. 1980; Involvement of the cell envelope in plasmid maintenance: plasmid curing during the regeneration of protoplasts. Plasmid 3:348–358
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Pavillard R, Harvey K, Douglas D, Hewstone A, Andrew J, Collopy B, Asche V, Carson P, Davidson A, Gilbert G, Spicer J, Tosolini F. 1982; Epidemic of hospital-acquired infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in major Victorian hospitals. Medical Journal of Australia 1:451–454
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Perceval A, McLean A J, Wellington C V. 1976; Emergence of gentamicin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus . Medical Journal of Australia 2:74
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Rountree P M. 1953; Bacteriophage typing of strains of staphylococci isolated in Australia. Lancet 1:514–516
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Rountree P M. 1978; History of staphylococcal infection in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia 2:543–546
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Rountree P M, Barbour R G H, Thomson E F. 1951; Incidence of penicillin-resistant and streptomycin-resistant staphylococci in a hospital. Lancet 1:435–436
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Rountree P M, Beard M A. 1958; Further observations on infection with phage type 80 staphylococci in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia 2:789–795
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Rountree P M, Beard M A. 1965; The spread of neomycin-resistant staphylococci in a hospital. Medical Journal of Australia 1:498–502
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Rountree P M, Vickery A M. 1973; Further observations on methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Medical Journal of Australia 1:1030–1034
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Shalita Z, Murphy E, Novick R P. 1980; Penicillinase plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus: structural and evolutionary relationships. Plasmid 3:291–311
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Shaw W V. 1983; Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase: enzymology and molecular biology. CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry 14:1–46
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Tennent J M, May J W, Skurray R A. 1984; Multiple antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis: plasmids in strains associated with nosocomial infection. Pathology 16:250–255
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Townsend D E, Grubb W B, Ashdown N. 1983a; Gentamicin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Pathology 15:169–174
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Townsend D E, Greed L, Ashdown N, Grubb W B. 1983b; Plasmid-mediated resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Medical Journal of Australia 2:310
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Willis A T, Smith J A, O’Connor J J. 1966; Properties of some epidemic strains of Staphylococcus aureus . Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 92:345–358
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137
Loading
Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated at an Australian Hospital between 1946 and 1981
J. Med. Microbiol. 19, 137 (1985); https://doi.org/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-19-2-137
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error