- Volume 67, Issue 2, 1986
Volume 67, Issue 2, 1986
- Plant
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Purification and Properties of an Intranuclear Virus-specific Antigen from Tissue Infected with Borna Disease Virus
More LessSummaryA virus-specific antigen was extracted from brains of rats and from MDCK cells infected with Borna disease (BD) virus and purified to homogeneity by immunoaffinity chromatography and HPLC. The antigen consists of two components which are almost equal in size (38000 mol. wt.), and it forms aggregates in its native form. The virus specificity of the two antigenic entities was confirmed by immunoblots with convalescent serum and monoclonal antibodies. Immunofluorescent staining with monoclonal antibodies and a hyperimmune serum prepared against the purified antigen showed the intranuclear fluorescence typical for BD virus-infected cells.
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Demonstration of Serological Relationships among Isolates of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus by Using Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies
More LessSummaryHybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against three isolates of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) were established. Two monoclonal antibody preparations were generated against the MAV isolate, one against RPV and six against P-PAV. None of the monoclonal antibody preparations reacted with healthy host components. Reactions of monoclonal antibodies, or unlabelled polyclonal antisera, in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) indicated that all three virus isolates share a common epitope. BYDV particles dissociated when incubated in carbonate-bicarbonate coating buffer at pH 9.6 but could be stabilized by prior dialysis against 2% formaldehyde or 2% glutaraldehyde. In indirect ELISA, unlabelled polyclonal antisera bound to both stabilized and dissociated particles of homologous and heterologous BYDV isolates. However, conjugated polyclonal antisera were incapable of binding to dissociated particles or to stabilized particles of heterologous isolates. Experiments with monoclonal antibodies in a competition ELISA indicated the presence of at least two epitopes on the coat protein of P-PAV.
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The Coat Proteins and Nucleic Acids of Two Beet Cryptic Viruses
More LessSummaryPurified particles of beet cryptic virus (BCV) contained two protein species with estimated mol. wt. of 5.45 × 104 and 5.25 × 104, and four nucleic acid species of mol. wt. 1.36, 1.15, 0.94 and 0.87, all × 106. These nucleic acids were shown to be dsRNA on the basis of thermal denaturation profile, isopycnic sedimentation in Cs2SO4 solutions, electron microscopical appearance and nuclease resistance. Previous work has shown that a cryptic virus from leaf beet in Japan reacts with BCV antiserum but contains only two dsRNA species that co-migrate with the two larger RNAs of BCV. These and our results suggest that BCV is a mixture of two viruses, although this was not evident from the appearance of the particles in the electron microscope.
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Evidence that Ribonuclease in Beetle Regurgitant Determines the Transmission of Plant Viruses
More LessSummaryRegurgitant from leaf-feeding beetles (Cerotoma trifurcata, Epilachna varivestis and Diabrotica undecimpunctata) contains RNase activity equivalent to 0.1 to 1 mg/ml pancreatic RNase. When mixtures of pancreatic RNase at 0.1 to 1.0 mg/ml and viruses that are or are not transmissible by beetles, were inoculated to plants using the gross wounding technique, those containing viruses not transmissible by beetles were not infective. Pancreatic RNase at activities up to 25 times that found in beetle regurgitant did not prevent transmission of two beetle-transmissible viruses, whereas RNase at activities one-half that found in beetle regurgitant prevented or greatly inhibited transmission of two viruses not transmitted by beetles.
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Double-stranded RNA in Banana Plants with Bunchy Top Disease
More LessSummaryDouble-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been isolated from bananas infected with banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) but not from healthy bananas of the same cultivar. Four major dsRNA species were present in seven different extracts and these had molecular weights of 4.40 × 106, 1.35 × 106, 0.50 × 106 and 0.48 × 106. This pattern of dsRNA species is similar to that in extracts from plants infected with barley yellow dwarf virus or beet western yellows virus strain ST9. The amount of extractable BBTD-specific dsRNA was affected by the temperature at which the infected plants were incubated and the interval between infection and harvest. The maximum amount of dsRNA was obtained from plants incubated at 30 °C and harvested 23 days after inoculation.
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