-
Volume 64,
Issue 1,
1983
Volume 64, Issue 1, 1983
- Animal
-
-
-
Nucleotide Sequence of the Haemagglutinin Gene of Influenza Virus A/England/321/77
More LessSUMMARYThe complete nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin gene of influenza virus A/England/321/77, as determined from cloned DNA, is presented. The structure of the haemagglutinin protein encoded is compared to those of A/Victoria/75, A/Bangkok/79 and a previously published 1977 strain, A/Texas/77.
-
-
-
-
Involvement of Glycolipids in Myxovirus-induced Membrane Fusion (Haemolysis)
More LessSUMMARYMyxoviruses (influenza viruses and paramyxoviruses) penetrate their host cells by fusion of viral and cellular membranes. During this process, virus envelopes react with galactose-terminating glycolipids of cellular membranes. This was suggested by experiments showing the ability of these lipids to inhibit fusion (as measured by haemolysis) when reacted with the viruses, and to enhance it when added as enrichment to erythrocytes.
-
-
-
Differential Expression of Endogenous Virus Glycoprotein in Fibroblasts and Sera of Some Adult Chickens
More LessSUMMARYA rapid and convenient assay for the expression of endogenous retrovirus glycoprotein in adult chickens has been developed based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principle. This method has been standardized using the conventional chick helper factor test. In the course of establishing this method with a large number of specific pathogen-free (VALO) chickens, an interesting diversity became apparent; about 20% of the birds which, according to chick helper factor tests performed with feather follicle fibroblast cultures were negative for endogenous virus glycoprotein expression, exhibited relatively high titres of reactive glycoprotein in serum. However, in no case was a chick helper factor-positive animal negative in serological tests. The possibility of endogenous virus antigen expression which either cannot be detected in fibroblasts, or is incapable of functioning in the chick helper factor complementation, is discussed.
-
-
-
Alterations in Coxsackievirus B4 Heart Muscle Disease in ICR Swiss Mice by Anti-thymocyte Serum
More LessSUMMARYCoxsackievirus B4 (CB4) infection in infant ICR Swiss mice induces synchronous peaks in both virus titres and pathologic changes in the heart. Among surviving mice, transmural necrosis is followed by fibrosis and ventricular aneurysm. Rabbit anti-mouse thymocyte serum (ATS) was given before CB4 infection to determine the effects of thymus-dependent functions upon the course of disease. The mortality in ATS-treated mice was 75.9% (65 of 83 mice died) compared to 21.3% (16 of 75 mice died) in normal rabbit serum-treated controls. Pathologic studies showed that ATS-treated mice had more extensive myofibre necrosis and subsequent mineralization, but during the first 10 days of infection, leukocytic infiltration was decreased. Splenic follicles were not present until the 17th day after infection in this treated group. Serum CB4-neutralizing antibodies were similar in mice from the group treated with ATS and normal rabbit serum. These findings indicate that ATS-suppressible functions contribute importantly to virus elimination, perhaps by an increase in macrophage phagocytosis of CB4.
-
-
-
Isolation and Characterization of Anti-Rotavirus Immunoglobulins Secreted by Cloned Hybridoma Cell Lines
More LessSUMMARYFive monoclonal hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies against bovine rotavirus have been produced and four of them characterized by immunostaining of structural polypeptides electrophoretically transferred on to nitrocellulose sheets. Three hybridomas appeared to be directed against the major structural polypeptide (VP39) of the virion. These three monoclonals cross-reacted with the major polypeptide of simian rotavirus and human rotavirus. A fourth hybridoma appeared to react specifically with the high-molecular weight external polypeptide (VP89) and its cleavage products. A cross-reaction was observed with human Wa strain but not with SA11. The fifth hybridoma, even though reacting in an immunofluorescent test, did not show any reactivity by immunostaining. None of the monoclonals neutralized the infectivity of bovine rotavirus.
-
-
-
Disaggregation and Reconstitution of Oligomeric Complexes of Simian Virus 40 Large T-Antigen
More LessSUMMARYBiochemical properties of multiple species of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T-antigen produced in SV40-infected monkey cells were investigated by zonal sedimentation centrifugation of radiolabelled cell extracts on sucrose gradients. Two major subpopulations of T-antigen detected by immunoprecipitation and gel electrophoresis could be distinctly separated: low molecular weight forms ranging approximately between 5S and 10S and higher oligomeric forms at about 16S to 23S. Removal of divalent cations by chelating agents such as EDTA disassembled higher oligomers into low molecular weight forms (5S to 10S). Adding divalent cations in excess of the EDTA concentration reassembled the higher oligomeric forms, showing a sedimentation behaviour like T-antigen in untreated cell extracts. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that divalent cation binding properties of T-antigen participate in the natural pathway of assembling multiple oligomeric species.
-
-
-
Either Orientation of the L Segment of the Herpes Simplex Virus Genome May Participate in the Production of Viable Intertypic Recombinants
More LessSUMMARYWe have analysed the genome structures of 90 recombinant viruses produced by co-infection of baby hamster kidney cells with the DNA of a herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutant (tsD) and specific DNA fragments of wild-type herpes simplex virus type 2 at non-permissive temperature. Crossovers were located predominantly in regions of greatest intertypic homology, and we conclude that primary recombination occurred with the L segment of the genome in either orientation.
-
-
-
Altered Expression of Rabies Virus Antigenic Determinants Associated with Chronic Infection and Virulence
More LessSUMMARYRabies virus may be cultivated in cell culture systems that either enhance the virulence of progeny virus (productive infection of neuroblastoma cells) or lead to attenuation (maintenance in chronically infected cell systems). Our studies using 19 monoclonal antibodies that react with glycoprotein and 19 monoclonal antibodies that react with nucleoprotein have shown that these laboratory-induced changes in the biological properties of rabies virus are accompanied by changes in their antigenic phenotype.
-
- Plant
-
-
-
Polyinosinic.Polycytidylic Acid in Association with Cyclic Nucleotides Activates the Antiviral Factor (AVF) in Plant Tissues
More LessSUMMARYLeaves and callus cultures from Nicotiana glutinosa L. were treated with a mixture of polyinosinic.policytidylic acid [poly(I).poly(C)], cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. A new antiviral activity appearing in the treated tissues co-purified with the antiviral factor AVF. Poly(I).poly(C) can replace tobacco mosaic virus infection in the induction of AVF activity, the latter being also mediated to a certain extent by cyclic nucleotides. The kinetics of the stimulation of AVF in these in vivo studies suggests that AVF is released by a rapid activation of a pre-existing precursor, thus supporting previous results.
-
-
Volumes and issues
-
Volume 106 (2025)
-
Volume 105 (2024)
-
Volume 104 (2023)
-
Volume 103 (2022)
-
Volume 102 (2021)
-
Volume 101 (2020)
-
Volume 100 (2019)
-
Volume 99 (2018)
-
Volume 98 (2017)
-
Volume 97 (2016)
-
Volume 96 (2015)
-
Volume 95 (2014)
-
Volume 94 (2013)
-
Volume 93 (2012)
-
Volume 92 (2011)
-
Volume 91 (2010)
-
Volume 90 (2009)
-
Volume 89 (2008)
-
Volume 88 (2007)
-
Volume 87 (2006)
-
Volume 86 (2005)
-
Volume 85 (2004)
-
Volume 84 (2003)
-
Volume 83 (2002)
-
Volume 82 (2001)
-
Volume 81 (2000)
-
Volume 80 (1999)
-
Volume 79 (1998)
-
Volume 78 (1997)
-
Volume 77 (1996)
-
Volume 76 (1995)
-
Volume 75 (1994)
-
Volume 74 (1993)
-
Volume 73 (1992)
-
Volume 72 (1991)
-
Volume 71 (1990)
-
Volume 70 (1989)
-
Volume 69 (1988)
-
Volume 68 (1987)
-
Volume 67 (1986)
-
Volume 66 (1985)
-
Volume 65 (1984)
-
Volume 64 (1983)
-
Volume 63 (1982)
-
Volume 62 (1982)
-
Volume 61 (1982)
-
Volume 60 (1982)
-
Volume 59 (1982)
-
Volume 58 (1982)
-
Volume 57 (1981)
-
Volume 56 (1981)
-
Volume 55 (1981)
-
Volume 54 (1981)
-
Volume 53 (1981)
-
Volume 52 (1981)
-
Volume 51 (1980)
-
Volume 50 (1980)
-
Volume 49 (1980)
-
Volume 48 (1980)
-
Volume 47 (1980)
-
Volume 46 (1980)
-
Volume 45 (1979)
-
Volume 44 (1979)
-
Volume 43 (1979)
-
Volume 42 (1979)
-
Volume 41 (1978)
-
Volume 40 (1978)
-
Volume 39 (1978)
-
Volume 38 (1978)
-
Volume 37 (1977)
-
Volume 36 (1977)
-
Volume 35 (1977)
-
Volume 34 (1977)
-
Volume 33 (1976)
-
Volume 32 (1976)
-
Volume 31 (1976)
-
Volume 30 (1976)
-
Volume 29 (1975)
-
Volume 28 (1975)
-
Volume 27 (1975)
-
Volume 26 (1975)
-
Volume 25 (1974)
-
Volume 24 (1974)
-
Volume 23 (1974)
-
Volume 22 (1974)
-
Volume 21 (1973)
-
Volume 20 (1973)
-
Volume 19 (1973)
-
Volume 18 (1973)
-
Volume 17 (1972)
-
Volume 16 (1972)
-
Volume 15 (1972)
-
Volume 14 (1972)
-
Volume 13 (1971)
-
Volume 12 (1971)
-
Volume 11 (1971)
-
Volume 10 (1971)
-
Volume 9 (1970)
-
Volume 8 (1970)
-
Volume 7 (1970)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1969)
-
Volume 3 (1968)
-
Volume 2 (1968)
-
Volume 1 (1967)
Most Read This Month
