- Volume 56, Issue 1, 1981
Volume 56, Issue 1, 1981
- Animal
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A Restriction Map of Bovine Papillomavirus Type-1 DNA
More LessSUMMARYA highly detailed restriction map of bovine papillomavirus type-1 (BPV-1) DNA is presented. The cleavage sites of 15 restriction endonucleases were determined, providing the locations of 72 specific BPV-1 DNA fragments. This map will be useful for future physical and functional studies of the BPV-1 genome.
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- Plant
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Differentiation between Broccoli Necrotic Yellows Virus and Lettuce Necrotic Yellows Virus by their Transcriptase Activities
S. Toriyama and D. PetersSUMMARYAn endogenous RNA-dependent RNA polymerase has been demonstrated in broccoli necrotic yellows virus (BNYV) particles. The enzyme requires a temperature of 26 °C, a pH value of 7.5, 0.5% NP40 and 4 mm-Mg2+ for maximum synthesis of RNA; Mn2+ inhibited the activity. Addition of EDTA to the reaction mixture did not stimulate the activity in the presence of higher amounts of Mg2+. The in vitro transcription products of BNYV hybridized to the virus genome, but not to that of lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV). The transcriptase activity was abolished by centrifugation on a glycerol gradient after treating the virus with NP40 in a high salt solution; combining the pellet and the upper part of the gradient restored the activity. Cross-complementation of BNYV and LNYV transcription could not be obtained by heterologous combination of the pellet and supernatant fractions of the two viruses.
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Some Physicochemical Properties of Maize Rayado Fino Virus
More LessSUMMARYMaize rayado fino virus (RFV) was purified from infected maize (Zea mays) leaves. The virus had two components: empty shells and complete virus particles with sedimentation coefficients of 54S and 120S respectively, and buoyant densities of 1.28 and 1.46 g/ml in CsCl and 1.24 and 1.37 g/ml in Cs2SO4. Virus particles were stable from pH 7 to pH 4 but not at pH 3. Isoelectric focusing of purified empty capsids revealed a single band in the pH range of 6 to 6.2. RFV contained 33 to 36% of single-stranded (ss)RNA of mol. wt. approx. 2 × 106. Dissociated coat protein migrated in acrylamide gel electrophoresis as a main band with an average mol. wt. of 2.1 × 104. RFV shares several biological and physicochemical properties with oat blue dwarf virus. These viruses appear to represent a new group of small RNA viruses, transmitted propagatively by their cicadellid vectors.
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Variation in the Viroid-like RNA Associated with Cadang-Cadang Disease: Evidence for an Increase in Molecular Weight with Disease Progress
More LessSUMMARYThe two cadang-cadang-associated RNAs (ccRNA-1 and ccRNA-2) occur as fast (f) and slow (s) electrophoretic variants. The detection of these variants is not affected by leaf storage or the nucleic acid extraction method. A systematic investigation has shown that their occurrence is related to the stage of disease development in coconut palms. Fast forms of both ccRNA-1 and ccRNA-2 predominated at the early stage of the disease, while only the (s) form was found at late stages. In some palms at the early stage a transition from the (f) to the (s) form was observed in progressively more recently developing infected fronds. ccRNA-1 (f) and cc-RNA-1 (s) are both circular, they differ in mol. wt., and they have nucleotide sequences in common. Preliminary evidence is presented that inoculum containing the (f) variant is more infectious than that containing the (s) variant.
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2-Thiouracil Does Not Inhibit TMV Replication in Tobacco Protoplasts
More LessSUMMARY2-Thiouracil (2TU) did not inhibit either the incorporation of 32P into tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA or virus multiplication in tobacco protoplasts. However, the specific infectivity of TMV extracted from 2TU-treated protoplasts was 10 to 20% of that of the virus extracted from untreated protoplasts. Using a fluorescent antibody technique we have demonstrated that up to 60 to 70% fewer cells became infected in 2TU-treated as compared to untreated half leaves. Therefore, 2TU may express its inhibitory effect in leaves by producing defective TMV particles which fail to spread the infection from cell to cell rather than by causing direct inhibition of virus multiplication.
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Volume 1 (1967)