- Volume 50, Issue 2, 1980
Volume 50, Issue 2, 1980
- Animal
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Induction of Δ4 3 Ketosteroid Synthesis by Interferon in Mouse Adrenal Tumour Cell Cultures
More LessSUMMARYInterferon, like cholera toxin, induces in mouse adrenal Y1 cells the production of Δ4 3 ketosteroids. In parallel, cyclic AMP (cAMP) is activated. At high concentrations, mouse but not human interferon induces a cell rounding effect, similar to that obtained with cholera toxin. In Y1 cells transformed by simian adenovirus 7, production of cAMP is still increased but that of steroids is blocked. The role of interferon in these cellular events is discussed.
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Polypeptides of Feline Leukaemia Virus: Identification of p15(E) and p12(E)
More LessSUMMARYAntiserum to the p15(E) polypeptide of Rauscher murine leukaemia virus (R-MuLV) precipitated two proteins from purified virions of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) with apparent mol. wt. of 18500 and 15500 on SDS-polyacrylamide gels. These proteins have been designated p15(E) and p12(E), in line with the nomenclature for MuLV proteins. Like the analogous protein of MuLV, FeLV p15(E) was found to be disulphide-linked to the virion glycoprotein, gp70. FeLV p15(E) was sensitive to digestion of intact virus particles with the proteolytic enzyme, bromelain, indicating that this protein is on the outer surface of the virion. An analysis of cat sera for precipitating activity for FeLV p12(E) showed this only in sera from cats which had recovered from FeLV infection and had virus-neutralizing activity.
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- Plant
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The Distribution of Some Genetic Determinants in the Two Nucleoprotein Particles of Cherry Leaf Roll Virus
More LessSUMMARYPurified preparations of the two sedimenting nucleoprotein components (M and B) of tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV) and of strains of cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) from elderberry (G) and from rhubarb (R) had little infectivity alone whereas mixtures of homologous components were very infective. However, whereas heterologous mixtures of the components of CLRV strains G and R were also very infective, heterologous mixtures of the components of CLRV-R and TomRSV were not. These results and serological evidence indicate that CLRV and TomRSV are not closely related to each other or to other nepoviruses with similar properties.
Pseudo-recombinants produced by exchanging the nucleoprotein components of CLRV strains R and G were less stable than the parent isolates on storage in sap at 18 °C. Component M determined serological specificity whereas component B determined ability to infect Gomphrena globosa, and the lesion type and severity of systemic symptoms in Chenopodium and Nicotiana spp. Virulence also depended on the compatibility of M and B components and neither pseudo-recombinant was as virulent as the parent donating component B. Systemic infection and symptom production in Petunia hybrida required M and B components from strain R. In plant protection tests, the parent strains of CLRV protected tobacco plants against either parent and against the two pseudo-recombinants, whereas the pseudo-recombinants protected plants against either pseudo-recombinant but not against the parent strains. This suggests that determinants in both nucleoprotein components of either the protecting or challenging virus are involved.
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Distribution of Determinants for Symptom Production, Nucleoprotein Component Distribution and Antigenicity of Coat Protein between the Two RNA Components of Cherry Leaf Roll Virus
More LessSUMMARYThe elderberry (E) and rhubarb (R) strains of cherry leaf roll virus were each purified and separated into middle (M) and bottom (B) nucleoprotein components by sucrose gradient centrifugation followed by near-equilibrium banding in caesium chloride. Heterologous mixtures of the RNAs from the separated components of the two strains were inoculated into a series of test plants. New local lesion types in Nicotiana clevelandii thus induced were passaged three times through local lesions on N. clevelandii to generate pure pseudorecombinant stocks. M-RNA determined serological specificity, the distribution of virus particle components, the type of systemic symptom in N. clevelandii and N. tabacum cv. Samsun and Xanthi, and local and systemic symptoms in Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa. B-RNA determined the ability to induce systemic symptoms in Gomphrena globosa and the type of local lesion in N. clevelandii. Backcrossing of the pseudorecombinants generated isolates with properties identical to those of the parental strains.
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A Re-evaluation of the Structure of Narcissus Mosaic Virus and Polymers Made from its Protein
More LessSUMMARYThe structure of narcissus mosaic virus (NMV) particles and its protein polymers have been re-examined. The virus particle contains 44 coat protein subunits in five turns of its helix and has a mol. wt. of about 36 × 106. Its protein forms stacked discs or rings at pH 5 which, with time, are replaced by two-start helices with 26 subunits in three turns or nine in one.
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