1887

Journal of General Virology

Volume 88, Issue 10

Effects of start-codon mutations on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in macrophages Free

Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpu protein increases the release of virus particles from infected cells. Mutations that abrogate vpu function have a profound effect on HIV-1 replication in primary macrophage cultures. About 1.24 % of primary isolates in the HIV databases have start-codon mutations. In addition, the envelope of the AD8 isolate was reported to compensate for the lack of vpu, whilst the YU-2 virus (cloned directly from the brain tissue of an infected individual) is macrophage-tropic, despite having a start-codon mutation. These observations raise the possibility that envelopes evolve to compensate for the loss of vpu function . Chimeric and replication-competent clones were constructed that contained the envelopes of SF162, AD8 or YU-2. Macrophages were infected with these chimeras and virus release was measured over time by a reverse transcriptase ELISA. It was found that vpu-deficient chimeras carrying AD8 and YU-2 envelopes were consistently released at lower levels than their wild-type (wt) vpu counterparts, indicating that these envelopes did not compensate for the lack of vpu. Non-chimeric and AD8 and YU-2 followed similar patterns, although replication by vpu-deficient AD8 was variable, with virion release reaching 60 % of that recorded for AD8 with a wt . In summary, no evidence was found that the AD8 or YU-2 envelopes can compensate for the lack of vpu for replication in macrophages.

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2007-10-01
2019-11-22
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Effects of vpu start-codon mutations on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in macrophages
J. Gen. Virol. 88, 2780 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83120-0
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.83120-0
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