In vitro reverse transcription of a mixture of total RNA from plants infected with the I17F or R strains of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), representative of subgroups IA and II, respectively, results in viral cDNA populations including rare recombinant RNA 3 molecules, some of which also have point mutations. The biological properties of 17 recombinants in the capsid gene or the 3′ non-coding region of RNA 3 were evaluated when associated with I17F RNAs 1 and 2. Six viruses displayed deficiencies (non-viability, deficiencies for movement and/or replication, delayed infection, loss of aphid transmissibility). Nine induced symptoms close to those of I17F-CMV on tobacco and pepper plants. All recombinants bearing the movement protein (MP) of R-CMV and part or most of the capsid protein (CP) of I17F-CMV, as well as the recombinant created in vitro by exchanging the corresponding open reading frames, also induced filiformism on tobacco, but induced only faint symptoms on melon. Two recombinants induced atypically severe symptoms on both tobacco and pepper. Most of the recombinants generally accumulated to lower levels than the wild-type I17F strain in tobacco. Three recombinants, however, including one responsible for severe symptoms, accumulated to generally higher levels than I17F-CMV. When two of these were tested in co-infection experiments with I17F RNA 3, they proved to be poorly competitive, suggesting that they would be unlikely to emerge in the field.
AazizR.,
TepferM.1999; Recombination between genomic RNAs of two cucumoviruses under conditions of minimal selection pressure. Virology 263:282–289[CrossRef]
BonnetJ.,
FraileA.,
SacristánS.,
MalpicaJ. M.,
García-ArenalF.2005; Role of recombination in the evolution of natural populations of Cucumber mosaic virus , a tripartite RNA plant virus. Virology 332:359–368[CrossRef]
CarrèreI.,
TepferM.,
JacquemondM.1999; Recombinants of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV): determinants for host range and symptomatology. Arch Virol 144:365–379[CrossRef]
ChenY.-K.,
GoldbachR.,
PrinsM.2002; Inter- and intramolecular recombinations in the Cucumber mosaic virus genome related to adaptation to Alstroemeria
. J Virol 76:4119–4124[CrossRef]
de WispelaereM.,
GaubertS.,
TrouilloudS.,
BelinC.,
TepferM.2005; A map of the diversity of RNA3 recombinants appearing in plants infected with Cucumber mosaic virus and Tomato aspermy virus
. Virology 331:117–127[CrossRef]
DesbiezC.,
LecoqH.2004; The nucleotide sequence of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, Potyvirus ) reveals interspecific recombination between two related potyviruses in the 5′ part of the genome. Arch Virol 149:1619–1632
FraileA.,
Alonso-PradosJ. L.,
ArandaM. A.,
BernalJ. J.,
MalpicaJ. M.,
García-ArenalF.1997; Genetic exchange by recombination or reassortment is infrequent in natural populations of a tripartite RNA plant virus. J Virol 71:934–940
GlaisL.,
TribodetM.,
KerlanC.2002; Genomic variability in Potato Potyvirus Y (PVY): evidence that PVYNW and PVYNTN variants are single to multiple recombinants between PVYO and PVYN isolates. Arch Virol 147:363–378[CrossRef]
GlasaM.,
PaunovicS.,
JevremovicD.,
MyrtaA.,
PittnerovaS.,
CandresseT.2005; Analysis of recombinant Plum pox virus (PPV) isolates from Serbia confirms genetic homogeneity and supports a regional origin for the PPV-Rec subgroup. Arch Virol 150:2051–2060[CrossRef]
LinH.-X.,
RubioL.,
SmytheA. B.,
FalkB. W.2004; Molecular population genetics of Cucumber mosaic virus in California: evidence for founder effects and reassortment. J Virol 78:6666–6675[CrossRef]
LotH.,
MarrouJ.,
QuiotJ. B.,
EsvanC.1972; Contribution à l'étude du virus de la mosaïque du concombre (CMV). I. Méthode de purification rapide du virus. Ann Phytopathol 4:25–38 (in French
MasutaC.,
UedaS.,
SuzukiM.,
UyedaI.1998; Evolution of a quadripartite hybrid virus by interspecific exchange and recombination between replicase components of two related tripartite viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:10487–10492[CrossRef]
MoonanF.,
MolinaJ.,
MirkovT. E.2000; Sugarcane yellow leaf virus : an emerging virus that has evolved by recombination between luteoviral and poleroviral ancestors. Virology 269:156–171[CrossRef]
NgJ. C. K.,
JosefssonC.,
ClarkA. J.,
FranzA. W. E.,
PerryK. L.2005; Virion stability and aphid vector transmissibility of Cucumber mosaic virus mutants. Virology 332:397–405[CrossRef]
QuiotJ. B.,
DevergneJ. C.,
CardinL.,
VerbruggheM.,
MarchouxG.,
LabonneG.1979; Ecologie et épidémiologie du virus de la mosaïque du concombre dans le Sud-Est de la France. VII. Répartition de deux types de populations virales dans des cultures sensibles. Ann Phytopathol 11:359–373 (in French
TakeshitaM.,
ShigemuneN.,
KikuharaK.,
FuruyaN.,
TakanamiY.2004; Spatial analysis for exclusive interactions between subgroups I and II of Cucumber mosaic virus in cowpea. Virology 328:45–51[CrossRef]
TomimuraK.,
GibbsA. J.,
JennerC. E.,
WalshA.,
OhshimaK.2003; The phylogeny of Turnip mosaic virus ; comparisons of 38 genomic sequences reveal a Eurasian origin and a recent ‘emergence’ in east Asia. Mol Ecol 12:2099–2111[CrossRef]