%0 Journal Article %A Tomasec, Peter %A Wang, Eddie C. Y. %A Groh, Veronika %A Spies, Thomas %A McSharry, Brian P. %A Aicheler, Rebecca J. %A Stanton, Richard J. %A Wilkinson, Gavin W. G. %T Adenovirus vector delivery stimulates natural killer cell recognition %D 2007 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 88 %N 4 %P 1103-1108 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82685-0 %I Microbiology Society, %X We report that delivery of first-generation replication-deficient adenovirus (RDAd) vectors into primary human fibroblasts is associated with the induction of natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytolysis in vitro. RDAd vector delivery induced cytolysis by a range of NK cell populations including the NK cell clone NKL, primary polyclonal NK lines and a proportion of NK clones (36 %) in autologous HLA-matched assays. Adenovirus-induced cytolysis was inhibited by antibody blocking of the NK-activating receptor NKG2D, implicating this receptor in this function. NKG2D is ubiquitously expressed on NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Significantly, γ-irradiation of the vector eliminated the effect, suggesting that breakthrough expression from the vector induces at least some of the pro-inflammatory responses of unknown aetiology following the application of RDAd vectors during in vivo gene delivery. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.82685-0