1887

Abstract

(monkey B virus; BV) produces extremely severe and usually fatal infections when transmitted from macaque monkeys to humans. (herpesvirus papio 2; HVP2) is very closely related to BV, yet cases of human HVP2 infection are unknown. However, following intramuscular inoculation of mice, HVP2 rapidly invades the peripheral nervous system and ascends the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in death, very much like human BV infections. In this study, the neurovirulence of HVP2 in mice was further evaluated as a potential model system for human BV infections. HVP2 was consistently neurovirulent when administered by epidermal scarification, intracranial inoculation and an eye splash. Quantitative real-time PCR, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were used to follow the temporal spread of virus following skin scarification and to compare the pathogenesis of neurovirulent and apathogenic isolates of HVP2. Apathogenic isolates were found to be capable of reaching the CNS but were extremely inefficient at replicating within the CNS. It is concluded that neurovirulent strains of HVP2 exhibit a pathogenesis in mice that parallels that observed in human BV infections and that this model system may prove useful in dissecting the viral determinants underlying the extreme severity of zoonotic BV infections.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81476-0
2006-02-01
2024-12-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/87/2/267.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81476-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anonymous. 1998; Fatal Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection following a mucocutaneous exposure and interim recommendations for worker protection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 47:1073–1076 1083
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Breshears M. A., Eberle R., Ritchey J. W. 2001; Characterization of gross and histological lesions in Balb/C mice experimentally infected with Herpesvirus saimiri 1 (HVS1. J Comp Pathol 125:25–33 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Breshears M. A., Eberle R., Ritchey J. W. 2005; Temporal progression of viral replication and gross and histological lesions in Balb/C mice inoculated epidermally with Saimiriine herpesvirus 1 (SaHV-1). J Comp Pathol 133:103–113 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Davidson W. L., Hummeler K. 1960; B virus infection in man. Ann N Y Acad Sci 85:970–979
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Eberle R., Hilliard J. K. 1984; Replication of simian herpesvirus SA8 and identification of viral polypeptides in infected cells. J Virol 50:316–324
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Eberle R., Black D. H., Lipper S., Hilliard J. K. 1995; Herpesvirus papio 2 , an SA8-like α -herpesvirus of baboons. Arch Virol 140:529–545 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eberle R., Black D. H., Blewett E. L., White G. L. 1997; Prevalence of Herpesvirus papio 2 in baboons and identification of immunogenic viral polypeptides. Lab Anim Sci 47:256–262
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Eberle R., Black D. H., Lehenbauer T. W., White G. L. 1998; Shedding and transmission of baboon Herpesvirus papio 2 (HVP2) in a breeding colony. Lab Anim Sci 48:23–28
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Freifeld A. G., Hilliard J., Southers J., Murray M., Savarese B., Schmitt J. M., Straus S. E. 1995; A controlled seroprevalence survey of primate handlers for evidence of asymptomatic herpes B virus infection. J Infect Dis 171:1031–1034 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gaillard C., Strauss F. 1990; Ethanol precipitation of DNA with linear polyacrylamide as carrier. Nucleic Acids Res 18:378 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gosztonyi G., Falke D., Ludwig H. 1992; Axonal and transsynaptic (transneuronal) spread of herpesvirus simiae (B virus) in experimentally infected mice. Histol Histopathol 7:63–74
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Ohsawa K., Lehenbauer T. W., Eberle R. 1999; Herpesvirus papio 2 : alternative antigen for use in monkey B virus diagnostic assays. Lab Anim Sci 49:605–616
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Ritchey J. W., Ealey K. A., Payton M. E., Eberle R. 2002; Comparative pathology of infections with baboon and African green monkey alpha-herpesviruses in mice. J Comp Pathol 127:150–161 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Ritchey J. W., Payton M. E., Eberle R. 2005; Clinicopathological characterization of monkey B virus ( Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 ) infection in mice. J Comp Pathol 132:202–217 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Robertson J. L., Preisler H. K. 1992 Pesticide Bioassays with Arthropods , 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Rogers K. M., Ealey K. A., Ritchey J. W., Black D. H., Eberle R. 2003; Pathogenicity of different baboon Herpesvirus papio 2 isolates is characterized by either extreme neurovirulence or complete apathogenicity. J Virol 77:10731–10739 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Weeks B. S., Ramchandran R. S., Hopkins J. J., Friedman H. M. 2000; Herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2 pathogenesis is restricted by the epidermal basement membrane. Arch Virol 145:385–396 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Weigler B. J. 1992; Biology of B virus in macaque and human hosts: a review. Clin Infect Dis 14:555–567 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Whitley R. J., Hilliard J. K. 2001; Cercopithecine herpesvirus (B virus). In Fields Virology , 4th edn. vol 2 pp  2835–2848 Edited by Howley P. M, Knipe D. M. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81476-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81476-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error