1887

Abstract

Heparan sulphate and sialoadhesin were previously identified on porcine macrophages as receptors for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). In this study, the exact role and cooperation of heparan sulphate and sialoadhesin during PRRSV attachment and internalization was analysed. It was observed that both heparan sulphate and sialoadhesin mediate PRRSV attachment and that only these two receptors are involved in attachment. Analysis of attachment kinetics of PRRSV to macrophages revealed that early attachment is mediated mainly via an interaction with heparan sulphate, followed by a gradual increase in interaction with sialoadhesin. By using wild-type CHO and CHO deficient in heparan sulphate expression, it was shown that heparan sulphate alone is sufficient to mediate PRRSV attachment, but not entry, and that heparan sulphate is not necessary for sialoadhesin to function as a PRRSV internalization receptor, but enhances the interaction of the virus with sialoadhesin.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80675-0
2005-05-01
2024-11-12
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/86/5/vir861441.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80675-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bernfield M., Götte M., Park P. W., Reizes O., Fitzgerald M. L., Lincecum J., Zako M. 1999; Functions of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Annu Rev Biochem 68:729–777 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Crocker P. R., Mucklow S., Bouckson V., McWilliam A., Willis A. C., Gordon S., Milon G., Kelm S., Bradfield P. 1994; Sialoadhesin, a macrophage sialic acid binding receptor for haemopoietic cells with 17 immunoglobulin-like domains. EMBO J 13:4490–4503
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Delputte P. L., Nauwynck H. J. 2004; Porcine arterivirus infection of alveolar macrophages is mediated by sialic acid on the virus. J Virol 78:8094–8101 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Delputte P. L., Vanderheijden N., Nauwynck H. J., Pensaert M. B. 2002; Involvement of the matrix protein in attachment of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus to a heparin like receptor on porcine alveolar macrophages. J Virol 76:4312–4320 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Duan X., Nauwynck H. J., Pensaert M. B. 1997; Effects of origin and state of differentiation and activation of monocytes/macrophages on their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Arch Virol 142:2483–2497 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Duan X., Nauwynck H. J., Favoreel H. W., Pensaert M. B. 1998; Identification of a putative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on porcine alveolar macrophages. J Virol 72:4520–4523
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Enjuanes L., Spaan W., Snijder E., Cavanagh D. 2000; Nidovirales . In Virus Taxonomy . Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses pp  827–834 Edited by van Regenmortel M. H. V., Fauquet C. M., Bishop D. H. L., Carsten E. B., Estes M. K., Lemon S. M., McGeoch D. J., Maniloff J., Mayo M. A., Pringle C. R., Wickner R. B. San Diego: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Esko J. D., Rostand K. S., Weinke J. L. 1988; Tumor formation dependent on proteoglycan biosynthesis. Science 241:1092–1096 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Kim H. S., Kwang J., Yoon I. J., Joo H. S., Frey M. L. 1993; Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell-line. Arch Virol 133:477–483 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Mayo M. A. 2002; A summary of taxonomic changes recently approved by ICTV. Arch Virol 147:1655–1656 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Nauwynck H. J., Pensaert M. B. 1995; Effect of specific antibodies on the cell-associated spread of pseudorabies virus in monolayers of different cell types. Arch Virol 140:1137–1146 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Nauwynck H. J., Duan X., Favoreel H. W., Van Oostveldt P., Pensaert M. B. 1999; Entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages via receptor-mediated endocytosis. J Gen Virol 80:297–305
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Plagemann P. G., Moennig V. 1992; Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian hemorrhagic fever virus: a new group of positive-strand RNA viruses. Adv Virus Res 41:99–192
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Snijder E. J., Meulenberg J. J. 1998; The molecular biology of arteriviruses. J Gen Virol 79:961–979
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Sur J.-H., Doster A. R., Christian J. S., Galeota J. A., Wills R. W., Zimmerman J. J., Osorio F. A. 1997; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replicates in testicular germ cells, alters spermatogenesis, and induces germ cell death by apoptosis. J Virol 71:9170–9179
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Therrien D., St-Pierre Y., Dea S. 2000; Preliminary characterization of protein binding factor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on the surface of permissive and non-permissive cells. Arch Virol 145:1099–1116 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Vanderheijden N., Delputte P. L., Favoreel H. W., Vandekerckhove J., Van Damme J., van Woensel P. A., Nauwynck H. J. 2003; Involvement of sialoadhesin in entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages. J Virol 77:8207–8215 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Voicu I. L., Silim A., Morin M., Elazhary M. A. 1994; Interaction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with swine monocytes. Vet Rec 134:422–423 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Wensvoort G., Terpstra C., Pol J. M. 7 other authors 1991; Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus. Vet Q 13:121–130 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80675-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80675-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error