1887

Abstract

We have characterized infection and pathogenesis of an M nucleopolyhedrovirus recombinant, AcMNPV-/, carrying the reporter gene, in penultimate (fifth) instar . Bioassays revealed that while <0·1 p.f.u. of budded virus was required to generate an LD by intrahaemocoelic injection, approximately 6000 occlusions were required orally to achieve the same mortality in newly moulted fifth instar (5) larvae. In pathogenesis experiments, 78 % of the 5 larvae inoculated orally with 6000 occlusions of AcMNPV-/ were LacZ-positive at 8 h post-inoculation (p.i.) and 50 % had LacZ signals in tracheal cells indicating that in these larvae infection had been transmitted from the midgut to secondary target cells. At 24 h p.i., maximum numbers of midgut and midgut-associated tracheal foci were observed (mean of 35 foci per infected larva), and 88 % of the larvae were LacZ-positive. The extremely low foci-per-occlusion ratio (0·006) indicated that successful infection of midgut cells was the primary barrier to fatal infection. A second barrier involved the loss of infected tracheal cells associated with the midgut. At 24 h p.i., 88 % of the inoculated larvae had a systemic infection, but in bioassays only 51 % succumbed to polyhedrosis disease. The absence of melanized tracheal cells in the insects throughout the time-course suggested that the larvae that cleared their infections (38 %) did so by a mechanism other than a classical immune response.

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2003-08-01
2024-03-29
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