Two amino acid substitutions in the haemagglutinin of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus decrease direct-contact transmission in guinea pigs

References

1. Belser J. A., Maines T. R., Tumpey T. M., Katz J. M. 2010; Influenza A virus transmission: contributing factors and clinical implications. Expert Rev Mol Med 12:e39 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
2. Belser J. A., Jayaraman A., Raman R., Pappas C., Zeng H., Cox N. J., Katz J. M., Sasisekharan R., Tumpey T. M. 2011; Effect of D222G mutation in the hemagglutinin protein on receptor binding, pathogenesis and transmissibility of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. PLoS ONE 6:e25091 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
3. Bouvier N. M., Rahmat S., Pica N. 2012; Enhanced mammalian transmissibility of seasonal influenza A/H1N1 viruses encoding an oseltamivir-resistant neuraminidase. J Virol 86:7268–7279 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
4. Chen Z., Wang W., Zhou H., Suguitan A. L. Jr, Shambaugh C., Kim L., Zhao J., Kemble G., Jin H. 2010; Generation of live attenuated novel influenza virus A/California/7/09 (H1N1) vaccines with high yield in embryonated chicken eggs. J Virol 84:44–51 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
5. Chou Y. Y., Albrecht R. A., Pica N., Lowen A. C., Richt J. A., García-Sastre A., Palese P., Hai R. 2011; The M segment of the 2009 new pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is critical for its high transmission efficiency in the guinea pig model. J Virol 85:11235–11241 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
6. Gao Y., Zhang Y., Shinya K., Deng G., Jiang Y., Li Z., Guan Y., Tian G., Li Y.other authors 2009; Identification of amino acids in HA and PB2 critical for the transmission of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in a mammalian host. PLoS Pathog 5:e1000709 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
7. Hatta M., Hatta Y., Kim J. H., Watanabe S., Shinya K., Nguyen T., Lien P. S., Le Q. M., Kawaoka Y. 2007; Growth of H5N1 influenza A viruses in the upper respiratory tracts of mice. PLoS Pathog 3:1374–1379 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
8. Herfst S., Schrauwen E. J., Linster M., Chutinimitkul S., de Wit E., Munster V. J., Sorrell E. M., Bestebroer T. M., Burke D. F.other authors 2012; Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets. Science 336:1534–1541 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
9. Hoffmann E., Neumann G., Kawaoka Y., Hobom G., Webster R. G. 2000; A DNA transfection system for generation of influenza A virus from eight plasmids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:6108–6113 [View Article][PubMed]
   [Google Scholar]
10. Kimble J. B., Sorrell E., Shao H., Martin P. L., Perez D. R. 2011; Compatibility of H9N2 avian influenza surface genes and 2009 pandemic H1N1 internal genes for transmission in the ferret model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:12084–12088 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
11. Lakdawala S. S., Lamirande E. W., Suguitan A. L. Jr, Wang W., Santos C. P., Vogel L., Matsuoka Y., Lindsley W. G., Jin H., Subbarao K. 2011; Eurasian-origin gene segments contribute to the transmissibility, aerosol release, and morphology of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. PLoS Pathog 7:e1002443 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
12. Lowen A., Palese P. 2009; Transmission of influenza virus in temperate zones is predominantly by aerosol, in the tropics by contact: a hypothesis. PLoS Curr 1:RRN1002 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
13. Lowen A. C., Mubareka S., Steel J., Palese P. 2007; Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature. PLoS Pathog 3:1470–1476 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
14. Lowen A. C., Steel J., Mubareka S., Palese P. 2008; High temperature (30 degrees C) blocks aerosol but not contact transmission of influenza virus. J Virol 82:5650–5652 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
15. Maines T. R., Jayaraman A., Belser J. A., Wadford D. A., Pappas C., Zeng H., Gustin K. M., Pearce M. B., Viswanathan K.other authors 2009; Transmission and pathogenesis of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses in ferrets and mice. Science 325:484–487[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
16. Matrosovich M. N., Matrosovich T. Y., Gray T., Roberts N. A., Klenk H. D. 2004; Human and avian influenza viruses target different cell types in cultures of human airway epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:4620–4624 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
17. Rudneva I., Ignatieva A., Timofeeva T., Shilov A., Kushch A., Masalova O., Klimova R., Bovin N., Mochalova L., Kaverin N. 2012; Escape mutants of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus: variations in antigenic specificity and receptor affinity of the hemagglutinin. Virus Res 166:61–67 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
18. Sun Y., Bi Y., Pu J., Hu Y., Wang J., Gao H., Liu L., Xu Q., Tan Y.other authors 2010; Guinea pig model for evaluating the potential public health risk of swine and avian influenza viruses. PLoS ONE 5:e15537 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
19. Suptawiwat O., Kongchanagul A., Chan-It W., Thitithanyanont A., Wiriyarat W., Chaichuen K., Songserm T., Suzuki Y., Puthavathana P., Auewarakul P. 2008; A simple screening assay for receptor switching of avian influenza viruses. J Clin Virol 42:186–189 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
20. Tumpey T. M., Maines T. R., Van Hoeven N., Glaser L., Solórzano A., Pappas C., Cox N. J., Swayne D. E., Palese P.other authors 2007; A two-amino acid change in the hemagglutinin of the 1918 influenza virus abolishes transmission. Science 315:655–659 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
21. van Doremalen N., Shelton H., Roberts K. L., Jones I. M., Pickles R. J., Thompson C. I., Barclay W. S. 2011; A single amino acid in the HA of pH1N1 2009 influenza virus affects cell tropism in human airway epithelium, but not transmission in ferrets. PLoS ONE 6:e25755 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
22. Van Hoeven N., Pappas C., Belser J. A., Maines T. R., Zeng H., García-Sastre A., Sasisekharan R., Katz J. M., Tumpey T. M. 2009; Human HA and polymerase subunit PB2 proteins confer transmission of an avian influenza virus through the air. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:3366–3371 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
23. Wan H., Sorrell E. M., Song H., Hossain M. J., Ramirez-Nieto G., Monne I., Stevens J., Cattoli G., Capua I.other authors 2008; Replication and transmission of H9N2 influenza viruses in ferrets: evaluation of pandemic potential. PLoS ONE 3:e2923 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
24. Yasugi M., Nakamura S., Daidoji T., Kawashita N., Ramadhany R., Yang C. S., Yasunaga T., Iida T., Horii T.other authors 2012; Frequency of D222G and Q223R hemagglutinin mutants of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus in Japan between 2009 and 2010. PLoS ONE 7:e30946 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
25. Yen H. L., Liang C. H., Wu C. Y., Forrest H. L., Ferguson A., Choy K. T., Jones J., Wong D. D., Cheung P. P.other authors 2011; Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase balance confers respiratory-droplet transmissibility of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in ferrets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:14264–14269 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
26. Zhang Y., Zhang Q., Gao Y., He X., Kong H., Jiang Y., Guan Y., Xia X., Shu Y.other authors 2012; Key molecular factors in hemagglutinin and PB2 contribute to efficient transmission of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus. J Virol 86:9666–9674 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]