1887

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Volume 93, Issue 3

Generation and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis virus mutants dependent on processing by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease Free

Abstract

Mature protein C of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is cleaved from the polyprotein precursor by the viral NS2B/3 protease (NS2B/3). We showed previously that replacement of the NS2B/3 cleavage site at the C terminus of protein C by the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A StopGo sequence leads to the production of infectious virions. Here, we show that infectious virions can also be produced from a TBEV mutant bearing an inactivated 2A sequence through the expression of the FMDV 3C protease (3C) either or (from a TBEV replicon). Cleavage at the C terminus of protein C depended on the catalytic activity of 3C as well as on the presence of an optimized 3C cleavage site. Passage of the TBEV mutants bearing a 3C cleavage site either in the absence of 3C or in the presence of a catalytically inactive 3C led to the appearance of revertants in which protein C cleavage by NS2B/3 had been regained. In three different revertants, a cleavage site for NS2B/3, namely RR*C, was now present, leading to an elongated protein C. Furthermore, two revertants acquired additional mutations in the C terminus of protein C, eliminating two basic residues. Although these latter mutants showed wild-type levels of early RNA synthesis, their foci were smaller and an accumulation of protein C in the cytoplasm was observed. These findings suggest a role of the positive charge of the C terminus of protein C for budding of the nucleocapsid and further support the notion that TBEV protein C is a multifunctional protein.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© 2012 SGM
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2012-03-01
2023-03-27
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Generation and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis virus mutants dependent on processing by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease
J. Gen. Virol. 93, 504 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.038398-0
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.038398-0
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.038398-0
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