1887

Abstract

The genus belongs to the family and consists of at least six members infecting different mammalian hosts, including humans, cattle and pigs. In recent years, novel astroviruses have been identified in other mammalian species like roe deer, bats and sea lions. While the bovine astrovirus was one of the earliest astroviruses to have been studied, no further research has been performed recently and its genome sequence remains uncharacterized. In this report, we describe the detection and genomic characterization of astroviruses in bovine faecal specimens obtained in Hong Kong. Five of 209 specimens were found to be positive for astrovirus by RT-PCR. Two of the positive specimens were found to contain sequences from two different astrovirus strains. Complete genome sequences of approximately 6.3 kb in length were obtained for four strains, which showed similar organization of the genome compared to other astroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed their identities as members of the genus , and showed them to be most closely related to the astrovirus. Based on the pairwise genetic distances among their full-length ORF2 sequences, these bovine astroviruses may be assigned into at least three different genotype species. Sequence analysis revealed evidence of potential recombination in ORF2. In summary, we report the first genome sequences of bovine astroviruses and clearly establish the species status of the virus. Additionally, our study is among the first to report co-infection by different astrovirus genotypes in the same host, which is an essential step for recombination to occur.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.030817-0
2011-08-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/92/8/1888.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.030817-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abascal F., Zardoya R., Posada D. 2005; ProtTest: selection of best-fit models of protein evolution. Bioinformatics 21:2104–2105 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Aroonprasert D., Fagerland J. A., Kelso N. E., Zheng S., Woode G. N. 1989; Cultivation and partial characterization of bovine astrovirus. Vet Microbiol 19:113–125 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Atkins A., Wellehan J. F. Jr, Childress A. L., Archer L. L., Fraser W. A., Citino S. B. 2009; Characterization of an outbreak of astroviral diarrhea in a group of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Vet Microbiol 136:160–165 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bass D. M., Qiu S. 2000; Proteolytic processing of the astrovirus capsid. J Virol 74:1810–1814 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Belliot G., Laveran H., Monroe S. S. 1997; Outbreak of gastroenteritis in military recruits associated with serotype 3 astrovirus infection. J Med Virol 51:101–106 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bhattacharya R., Sahoo G. C., Nayak M. K., Ghosh S., Dutta P., Bhattacharya M. K., Mitra U., Gangopadhyay D., Dutta S., Niyogi S. K. 2006; Molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus infections in Kolkata, India. Infect Genet Evol 6:425–435 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Blomström A. L., Widén F., Hammer A. S., Belák S., Berg M. 2010; Detection of a novel astrovirus in brain tissue of mink suffering from shaking mink syndrome by use of viral metagenomics. J Clin Microbiol 48:4392–4396 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Bridger J. C., Hall G. A., Brown J. F. 1984; Characterization of a calici-like virus (Newbury agent) found in association with astrovirus in bovine diarrhea. Infect Immun 43:133–138[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Chu D. K., Poon L. L., Guan Y., Peiris J. S. 2008; Novel astroviruses in insectivorous bats. J Virol 82:9107–9114 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Chu D. K., Chin A. W., Smith G. J., Chan K. H., Guan Y., Peiris J. S., Poon L. L. 2010; Detection of novel astroviruses in urban brown rats and previously known astroviruses in humans. J Gen Virol 91:2457–2462 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Delport W., Poon A. F., Frost S. D., Kosakovsky Pond S. L. 2010; Datamonkey 2010: a suite of phylogenetic analysis tools for evolutionary biology. Bioinformatics 26:2455–2457 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Edgar R. C. 2004; muscle: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 32:1792–1797 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fu Y., Pan M., Wang X., Xu Y., Xie X., Knowles N. J., Yang H., Zhang D. 2009; Complete sequence of a duck astrovirus associated with fatal hepatitis in ducklings. J Gen Virol 90:1104–1108 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Guindon S., Dufayard J. F., Lefort V., Anisimova M., Hordijk W., Gascuel O. 2010; New algorithms and methods to estimate maximum-likelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0. Syst Biol 59:307–321 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Guy J. S., Miles A. M., Smith L., Fuller F. J., Schultz-Cherry S. 2004; Antigenic and genomic characterization of turkey enterovirus-like virus (North Carolina, 1988 isolate): identification of the virus as turkey astrovirus 2. Avian Dis 48:206–211 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Imada T., Yamaguchi S., Mase M., Tsukamoto K., Kubo M., Morooka A. 2000; Avian nephritis virus (ANV) as a new member of the family Astroviridae and construction of infectious ANV cDNA. J Virol 74:8487–8493 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kiang D., Matsui S. M. 2002; Proteolytic processing of a human astrovirus nonstructural protein. J Gen Virol 83:25–34[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kishino H., Hasegawa M. 1989; Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order in hominoidea. J Mol Evol 29:170–179 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Koh H., Baek S. Y., Shin J. I., Chung K. S., Jee Y. M. 2008; Coinfection of viral agents in Korean children with acute watery diarrhea. J Korean Med Sci 23:937–940 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kosakovsky Pond S. L., Posada D., Gravenor M. B., Woelk C. H., Frost S. D. 2006; GARD: a genetic algorithm for recombination detection. Bioinformatics 22:3096–3098 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Lai M. M. 1992; RNA recombination in animal and plant viruses. Microbiol Rev 56:61–79[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Larkin M. A., Blackshields G., Brown N. P., Chenna R., McGettigan P. A., McWilliam H., Valentin F., Wallace I. M., Wilm A. et al. 2007; clustal w and clustal_x version 2.0. Bioinformatics 23:2947–2948 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Lau S. K., Woo P. C., Li K. S., Huang Y., Tsoi H. W., Wong B. H., Wong S. S., Leung S. Y., Chan K. H., Yuen K. Y. 2005; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:14040–14045 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lau S. K., Woo P. C., Tse H., Fu C. T., Au W. K., Chen X. C., Tsoi H. W., Tsang T. H., Chan J. S. et al. 2008; Identification of novel porcine and bovine parvoviruses closely related to human parvovirus 4. J Gen Virol 89:1840–1848 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Lau S. K., Woo P. C., Wong B. H., Wong A. Y., Tsoi H. W., Wang M., Lee P., Xu H., Poon R. W., Guo R. 2010; Identification and complete genome analysis of three novel paramyxoviruses, Tuhoko virus 1, 2 and 3, in fruit bats from China. Virology 404:106–116 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Lewis T. L., Matsui S. M. 1995; An astrovirus frameshift signal induces ribosomal frameshifting in vitro. Arch Virol 140:1127–1135 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Lewis T. L., Matsui S. M. 1996; Astrovirus ribosomal frameshifting in an infection-transfection transient expression system. J Virol 70:2869–2875[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Liste M. B., Natera I., Suarez J. A., Pujol F. H., Liprandi F., Ludert J. E. 2000; Enteric virus infections and diarrhea in healthy and human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. J Clin Microbiol 38:2873–2877[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Luo Z., Roi S., Dastor M., Gallice E., Laurin M. A., L’homme Y. 2011; Multiple novel and prevalent astroviruses in pigs. Vet Microbiol 149:316–323 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Méndez E., Arias C. F. 2007; Astroviruses. In Fields Virology, 5th edn. pp. 981–1000 Edited by Knipe D. M., Howley P. M. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Méndez E., Fernández-Luna T., López S., Méndez-Toss M., Arias C. F. 2002; Proteolytic processing of a serotype 8 human astrovirus ORF2 polyprotein. J Virol 76:7996–8002 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Mitchell D. K., Matson D. O., Jiang X., Berke T., Monroe S. S., Carter M. J., Willcocks M. M., Pickering L. K. 1999; Molecular epidemiology of childhood astrovirus infection in child care centers. J Infect Dis 180:514–517 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Mittelholzer C., Hedlund K. O., Englund L., Dietz H. H., Svensson L. 2003; Molecular characterization of a novel astrovirus associated with disease in mink. J Gen Virol 84:3087–3094 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Nguyen Ba A. N., Pogoutse A., Provart N., Moses A. M. 2009; NLStradamus: a simple Hidden Markov Model for nuclear localization signal prediction. BMC Bioinformatics 10:202 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Oishi I., Yamazaki K., Kimoto T., Minekawa Y., Utagawa E., Yamazaki S., Inouye S., Grohmann G. S., Monroe S. S. et al. 1994; A large outbreak of acute gastroenteritis associated with astrovirus among students and teachers in Osaka, Japan. J Infect Dis 170:439–443 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Pantin-Jackwood M. J., Spackman E., Woolcock P. R. 2006; Phylogenetic analysis of Turkey astroviruses reveals evidence of recombination. Virus Genes 32:187–192 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Posada D. 2008; jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol 25:1253–1256 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Rivera R., Nollens H. H., Venn-Watson S., Gulland F. M., Wellehan J. F. Jr 2010; Characterization of phylogenetically diverse astroviruses of marine mammals. J Gen Virol 91:166–173 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Smits S. L., van Leeuwen M., Kuiken T., Hammer A. S., Simon J. H., Osterhaus A. D. 2010; Identification and characterization of deer astroviruses. J Gen Virol 91:2719–2722 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Sonnhammer E. L., von Heijne G., Krogh A. 1998; A hidden Markov model for predicting transmembrane helices in protein sequences. Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol 6:175–182[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Strain E., Kelley L. A., Schultz-Cherry S., Muse S. V., Koci M. D. 2008; Genomic analysis of closely related astroviruses. J Virol 82:5099–5103 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Taylor M. B., Marx F. E., Grabow W. O. 1997; Rotavirus, astrovirus and adenovirus associated with an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a South African child care centre. Epidemiol Infect 119:227–230 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Toffan A., Jonassen C. M., De Battisti C., Schiavon E., Kofstad T., Capua I., Cattoli G. 2009; Genetic characterization of a new astrovirus detected in dogs suffering from diarrhoea. Vet Microbiol 139:147–152 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Ulloa J. C., Gutiérrez M. F. 2010; Genomic analysis of two ORF2 segments of new porcine astrovirus isolates and their close relationship with human astroviruses. Can J Microbiol 56:569–577 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Walter J. E., Briggs J., Guerrero M. L., Matson D. O., Pickering L. K., Ruiz-Palacios G., Berke T., Mitchell D. K. 2001; Molecular characterization of a novel recombinant strain of human astrovirus associated with gastroenteritis in children. Arch Virol 146:2357–2367 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Wolfaardt M., Kiulia N. M., Mwenda J. M., Taylor M. B. 2011; Evidence of a recombinant wild-type human astrovirus strain from a Kenyan child with gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol 49:728–731 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Woo P. C., Lau S. K., Lam C. S., Lai K. K., Huang Y., Lee P., Luk G. S., Dyrting K. C., Chan K. H., Yuen K. Y. 2009; Comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of three avian coronaviruses reveals a novel group 3c coronavirus. J Virol 83:908–917 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Woo P. C., Lau S. K., Huang Y., Lam C. S., Poon R. W., Tsoi H. W., Lee P., Tse H., Chan A. S. et al. 2010; Comparative analysis of six genome sequences of three novel picornaviruses, turdiviruses 1, 2 and 3, in dead wild birds, and proposal of two novel genera, Orthoturdivirus and Paraturdivirus, in the family Picornaviridae.. J Gen Virol 91:2433–2448 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Woode G. N., Bridger J. C. 1978; Isolation of small viruses resembling astroviruses and caliciviruses from acute enteritis of calves. J Med Microbiol 11:441–452 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Woode G. N., Pohlenz J. F., Gourley N. E., Fagerland J. A. 1984; Astrovirus and Breda virus infections of dome cell epithelium of bovine ileum. J Clin Microbiol 19:623–630[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Woode G. N., Gourley N. E., Pohlenz J. F., Liebler E. M., Mathews S. L., Hutchinson M. P. 1985; Serotypes of bovine astrovirus. J Clin Microbiol 22:668–670[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Zhu H. C., Chu D. K., Liu W., Dong B. Q., Zhang S. Y., Zhang J. X., Li L. F., Vijaykrishna D., Smith G. J. et al. 2009; Detection of diverse astroviruses from bats in China. J Gen Virol 90:883–887 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.030817-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.030817-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error