@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.022228-0, author = "Koh, Willie W. L. and Forsman, Anna and Hué, Stéphane and van der Velden, Gisela J. and Yirrell, David L. and McKnight, Áine and Weiss, Robin A. and Aasa-Chapman, Marlén M. I.", title = "Novel subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelopes cloned directly from plasma: coreceptor usage and neutralization phenotypes", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "2010", volume = "91", number = "9", pages = "2374-2380", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.022228-0", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.022228-0", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is classified into different phylogenetic subtypes, with subtype C representing more than half of the novel infections globally. However, there are relatively few subtype C envelopes available for study. We amplified 18 unique env genes from 13 patients who were infected with subtype C HIV-1 in six African countries and in Scotland to create replication-competent viruses. These envelopes are phylogenetically diverse across the subtype C spectrum, and have on average more N-linked glycosylation sites and slightly longer variable loops than previously described C envelopes. We found that CCR3 coreceptor usage is less prevalent in subtype C than in subtype B viruses, and these envelopes have varied sensitivity to neutralization. The subtype C chimeric viruses generated in this study will be useful for evaluating the breadth of neutralizing antibodies and other entry inhibitors.", }