1887

Abstract

Betapapillomaviruses (PVs) may contribute to the aetiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. However, no high-risk types have yet been identified, possibly because the high frequency of co-infection prevents a straightforward analysis of the independent effects of individual viruses. This study aimed to determine whether specific virus types were more likely to co-occur than others, thereby reducing the number of parameters needed in statistical models. Antibody data were analysed from controls who participated in case–control studies in The Netherlands, Italy and Australia and from participants in the German Nutrition Survey. Cluster analysis and two ordination techniques were used to identify patterns. Evidence of clustering was found only according to the number of viruses to which antibodies were detected. The lack of clustering of specific viral types identified suggests that if there are PV types that are independently related to skin carcinogenesis, they are unlikely to be identified using standard epidemiological methods.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.017970-0
2010-08-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/91/8/2062.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.017970-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. de Koning M. N., Weissenborn S. J., Abeni D., Bouwes Bavinck J. N., Euvrard S., Green A. C., Harwood C. A., Naldi L., Neale R. other authors 2009; Prevalence and associated factors of betapapillomavirus infections in individuals without cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Gen Virol 90:1611–1621
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Feltkamp M. C., Broer R., di Summa F. M., Struijk L., van der Meijden E., Verlaan B. P., Westendorp R. G., ter Schegget J., Spaan W. J., Bouwes Bavinck J. N. 2003; Seroreactivity to epidermodysplasia verruciformis-related human papillomavirus types is associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Cancer Res 63:2695–2700
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Harwood C. A., Surentheran T., McGregor J. M., Spink P. J., Leigh I. M., Breuer J., Proby C. M. 2000; Human papillomavirus infection and non-melanoma skin cancer in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals. J Med Virol 61:289–297
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Karagas M. R., Nelson H. H., Sehr P., Waterboer T., Stukel T. A., Andrew A., Green A. C., Bavinck J. N., Perry A. other authors 2006; Human papillomavirus infection and incidence of squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas of the skin. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:389–395
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Majewski S., Jablonska S. 1995; Epidermodysplasia verruciformis as a model of human papillomavirus-induced genetic cancer of the skin. Arch Dermatol 131:1312–1318
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Michael K. M., Waterboer T., Sehr P., Rother A., Reidel U., Boeing H., Bravo I. G., Schlehofer J., Gartner B. C., Pawlita M. 2008; Seroprevalence of 34 human papillomavirus types in the German general population. PLoS Pathog 4:e1000091
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Patel A. S., Karagas M. R., Pawlita M., Waterboer T., Nelson H. H. 2008; Cutaneous human papillomavirus infection, the EVER2 gene and incidence of squamous cell carcinoma: a case–control study. Int J Cancer 122:2377–2379
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Ramoz N., Rueda L. A., Bouadjar B., Montoya L. S., Orth G., Favre M. 2002; Mutations in two adjacent novel genes are associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Nat Genet 32:579–581
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Rizk R. Z., Christensen N. D., Michael K. M., Muller M., Sehr P., Waterboer T., Pawlita M. 2008; Reactivity pattern of 92 monoclonal antibodies with 15 human papillomavirus types. J Gen Virol 89:117–129
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Spinillo A., Dal Bello B., Alberizzi P., Cesari S., Gardella B., Roccio M., Silini E. M. 2009; Clustering patterns of human papillomavirus genotypes in multiple infections. Virus Res 142:154–159
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Struijk L., Bouwes Bavinck J. N., Wanningen P., van der Meijden E., Westendorp R. G., Ter Schegget J., Feltkamp M. C. 2003; Presence of human papillomavirus DNA in plucked eyebrow hairs is associated with a history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 121:1531–1535
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Struijk L., Hall L., van der Meijden E., Wanningen P., Bavinck J. N., Neale R., Green A. C., Ter Schegget J., Feltkamp M. C. 2006; Markers of cutaneous human papillomavirus infection in individuals with tumor-free skin, actinic keratoses, and squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:529–535
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Tabachnick B., Fidell L. 1996 Using Multivariate Statistics , 3rd edn. New York: Harper Collins;
  14. Waterboer T., Sehr P., Michael K. M., Franceschi S., Nieland J. D., Joos T. O., Templin M. F., Pawlita M. 2005; Multiplex human papillomavirus serology based on in situ-purified glutathione S -transferase fusion proteins. Clin Chem 51:1845–1853
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Waterboer T., Neale R., Michael K. M., Sehr P., de Koning M. N., Weissenborn S. J., Sampogna F., Abeni D., Green A. C. other authors 2009; Antibody responses to 26 skin human papillomavirus types in The Netherlands. Italy and Australia. J Gen Virol 90:1986–1998
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Williams W. T. 1976 Pattern Analysis in Agricultural Science Melbourne, Amsterdam: CSIRO/Elsevier;
  17. zur Hausen H. 1999; Papillomaviruses in human cancers. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 111:581–587
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.017970-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.017970-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Supplementary material 2

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error