1887

Abstract

Melao virus (MELV) strains BE AR8033 and BE AR633512 were isolated from pools of mosquitoes in Belém, Pará State (1955), and Alta Floresta, Rondônia State (2000), Brazil, respectively. The aim of the present study was to molecularly characterize these strains and to describe the histopathological, biochemical and immunological changes in golden hamsters () following intraperitoneal injection of MELV strains. Hamsters were susceptible to both of the MELV strains studied. Viraemia was observed 3–6 days post-infection (p.i.) for BE AR633512 and only on the second day p.i. for BE AR8033. Neutralizing antibodies against both strains were detected in blood samples obtained at 5 days p.i. and persisted up to 30 days p.i. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen were significantly altered in animals infected with the two MELV strains, while creatinine was only altered in animals inoculated with BE AR633512. Histopathological changes were observed in the central nervous system, liver, kidney and spleen of hamsters, and infection was confirmed by detection of specific MELV antigens by immunohistochemistry. Strain BE AR633512 caused more severe tissue damage than strain BE AR8033, showing increased neurovirulence and pathogenicity. Genetic analysis based on the full-length sequences of the glycoprotein (Gn and Gc) and nucleocapsid protein (N) genes revealed high levels of homology between the MELV strains. Interestingly, the greatest genetic divergence was found for the Gn gene of strain BE AR633512, in which several synonymous and non-synonymous mutations causing changes in RNA secondary structure were observed. Further studies will be necessary to investigate the role of Gn and Gc mutations in the MELV pathogenicity.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.002360-0
2009-01-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/90/1/223.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.002360-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Altschul, S. F. & Gish, W.(1996). Local alignment statistics. Methods Enzymol 266, 460–480. [Google Scholar]
  2. Ayres, M., Junior-Ayres, M., Ayres, D. L. & Santos, A. S.(2005). Duas amostras independentes. In BioEstat 4.0: Aplicações estatísticas nas Áreas das Ciências Biológicas e Médicas, pp. 99–116. Edited by Sociedade Civil Mamirauá/MCT-CNPQ/Conservation International. Brazil: Belém-PA.
  3. Bishop, D. H. L.(1985). The genetic basis for describing viruses as species. Intervirology 24, 79–93.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bowen, M. D., Jackson, A. O., Bruns, T. D., Hacker, D. L. & Hardy, J. L.(1995). Determination and comparative analysis of the small RNA genomic sequences of California encephalitis, Jamestown Canyon, Jerry Slough, Melao, Keystone and Trivittatus viruses (Bunyaviridae, genus Bunyavirus, California serogroup). J Gen Virol 76, 559–572.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  5. Calisher, C. H. & Karabatsos, N.(1988). Arbovirus serogroup: definition and geographic distribution. In The Arbovirus: Epidemiology and Ecology, pp. 19–57. Edited by T. P. Monath. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  6. Campbell, W. P. & Huang, C.(1999). Sequence comparisons of medium RNA segment among 15 California serogroup viruses. Virus Res 61, 137–144.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  7. Casals, J.(1967). Immunological techniques for animal viruses. In Methods in Virology, pp. 75–81. Edited by K. Maramorosh & H. Koprowski. New York: Academic Press.
  8. Deibel, R., Srihongse, S., Grayson, M. A., Grimstad, P. R., Mahdy, M. S., Artsob, H. & Calisher, C. H.(1983). Jamestown Canyon virus: the etiologic agent of an emerging human disease? In California Serogroup Viruses, pp. 313–325. Edited by C. H. Calisher & W. H. Thompson. New York: AR Liss.
  9. Dias, L. B.(1986). Patologia natural e experimental de arbovírus vírus correlatos isolados na Amazônia. In Instituto Evandro Chagas: 50 anos de contribuição às Ciências Biológicas e à Medicina Tropical, vol. 1, pp. 439–450. Edited by Fundação de Serviços de Saúde Pública. Brazil: Belém-PA.
  10. Dunn, E. F., Pritlove, D. C. & Elliott, R. M.(1994). The SRNA genome segments of Batai, Cache Valley, Guaroa, Kairi, Lumbo, Main, Drain and Northway Bunyaviruses: sequence determination and analyses. J Gen Virol 75, 597–608.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Elliott, R. M.(1990). Molecular biology of Bunyaviridae. J Gen Virol 71, 501–522.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fauquet, C. M., Mayo, M. A., Maniloff, J., Desselberger, U. & Ball, L. A.(2005).Bunyaviridae. In Virus Taxonomy Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. Eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of viruses. Virology Division. International Union of Microbiological Societies, pp. 695–704. Edited by C. M. Fauquet, M. A. Mayo, J. Maniloff, U. Desselberger & L. A. Ball. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press.
  13. Felsenstein, J.(1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39, 783–791.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gerrard, S. R., Li, L., Barrett, A. D. & Nichol, S. T.(2004). Ngari virus is a Bunyamwera virus reassortant that can be associated with large outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever in Africa. J Virol 78, 8922–8926.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  15. Goldman, N., Anderson, J. P. & Rodrigo, A. G.(2000). Likelihood-based test of topologies in phylogenetics. Syst Biol 49, 652–670.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  16. Gonzalez-Scarano, F. & Nathanson, N.(1996).Bunyaviridae. In Fields Virology, 3rd edn, pp. 1473–1504. Edited by B. N. Fields, D. M. Knipe, P. M. Howley, R. M. Chanock, J. L. Melnick, T. P. Monath, B. Roizman & S. E. Straus. Philadelphia, NY: Lippincott-Raven.
  17. Hsu, S. M., Raine, L. & Fanger, H.(1981). Use of avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase technique: a comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedure. J Histochem Cytochem 29, 577–580.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  18. Huang, C., Shope, R. E., Spargo, B. & Campbell, W. P.(1996). The S RNA genomic sequences of Inkoo, San Angelo, Serra do Navio, South River and Tahyna bunyaviruses. J Gen Virol 77, 1761–1768.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  19. Karabatsos, N.(1985).International Catalogue of Arboviruses, Including Certain Other Viruses of Vertebrates, 3rd edn, p. 1141. Edited by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. San Antonio, USA.
  20. Kimura, M.(1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitution through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16, 111–120.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kumar, S., Tamura, K. & Nei, M.(2004).mega3: integrated software for Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform 5, 150–163.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  22. Massone, F.(2003).Anestesiologia Veterinária: Farmacologia e Técnicas, 4th edn, pp. 105–237. Guanabara-Koogan: Rio de Janeiro.
  23. Mertz, G. J.(1997).Bunyaviridae: bunyaviruses, phleboviruses, nairoviruses, and hantaviruses. In Clinical Virology, pp. 943–972. Edited by D. D. Richman, R. J. Whitley & F. G. Hayden. New York: Churchill-Livingstone.
  24. Michalany, I.(1998).Técnica Histológica em Anatomia Patológica: com instruções para cirurgião, enfermeira e citotécnico, 3rd edn, p. 295. São Paulo: EPU.
  25. Nunes, M. R. T., Travassos Da Rosa, A. P. A., Weaver, S. C., Tesh, R. B. & Vasconcelos, P. F. C.(2005). Molecular epidemiology of group C viruses (Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) isolated in the Americas. J Virol 79, 10561–10570.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pekosz, A. & Gonzalez-Scarano, F.(1996). The extracellular domain of La Crosse virus G1 forms oligomers and undergoes pH-dependent conformational changes. Virology 225, 243–247.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pinheiro, F. P., Travassos Da Rosa, A. P. A., Travassos Da Rosa, J. F., Ishak, R., Freitas, R. B., Gomes, M. L., Leduc, J. M. & Oliva, O. F.(1981). Oropouche virus I. A review of clinical, epidemiological, and ecological findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg 30, 149–160. [Google Scholar]
  28. Plassmeyer, M. L., Soldan, S. S., Stachelek, K. M., Martin-Garcia, J. & Gonzalez-Scarano, F.(2005). California serogroup Gc (G1) glycoprotein is the principal determinant of pH-dependent cell fusion and entry. Virology 338, 121–132.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  29. Plassmeyer, M. L., Soldan, S. S., Stachelek, K. M., Roth, S. M., Martin-Garcia, J. & Gonzalez-Scarano, F.(2007). Mutagenesis of the La Crosse Virus glycoprotein supports a role for Gc (1066–1087) as fusion peptide. Virology 358, 273–282.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  30. Prophet, E. B., Millis, B., Arrington, I. B. & Sobin, L. M.(1992).Laboratory Methods in Histotechnology, pp. 3–80. Washington: American Registry of Pathology.
  31. Quaresma, J. A. S., Barros, V. L. R. S., Fernandes, E. R., Pagliari, C., Takakura, C., Vasconcelos, P. F. C., de Andrade, H. F. Jr & Duarte, M. J. S.(2005). Reconsideration on histopathology and ultrastructural aspects of the human liver in yellow fever. Acta Trop 94, 116–127.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  32. Quaresma, J. A. S., Barros, V. L. R. S., Pagliari, C., Fernandes, E. R., de Andrade, H. F. Jr, Vasconcelos, P. F. C. & Duarte, M. I. S.(2007). Hepatocyte lesions and cellular immune response in yellow fever infection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101, 161–168.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  33. Reed, L. J. & Muench, H.(1938). A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am J Hyg 27, 493–497. [Google Scholar]
  34. Saeed, M. F., Wang, H., Suderman, M., Beasley, D. W., Travassos da Rosa, A., Li, L., Shope, R. E., Tesh, R. B. & Barrett, A. D.(2001). Jatobal virus is a reassortment of Oropouche virus. Virus Res 77, 25–30.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  35. Saitou, N. & Nei, M.(1987). The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4, 406–425. [Google Scholar]
  36. Spence, L., Anderson, C. R., Aitken, T. H. & Downs, W. G.(1962). Melao virus, a new agent isolated from Trinidadian mosquitoes. Am J Trop Med Hyg 11, 687–690. [Google Scholar]
  37. Swofford, D. L.(1999). paup 4.0: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
  38. Tesh, R. B., Guzman, H., Travassos Da Rosa, A. P. A., Vasconcelos, P. F. C., Dias, L. B., Bunnell, J. F., Zhang, H. & Xiao, S.-Y.(2001). Experimental Yellow fever virus infection in the Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). I. Virologic, biochemical, and immunologic studies. J Infect Dis 183, 1431–1436.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  39. Thompson, J. D., Gibson, T. F., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. & Higgins, D. G.(1997). The clustal_x Windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25, 4876–4882.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  40. Travassos da Rosa, A. P. A., Travassos da Rosa, J. F. S., Pinheiro, F. P. & Vasconcelos, P. F. C.(1997). Arboviruses. In Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias: Enfoque Amazônico, pp. 207–225. Edited by R. N. Q. Leão. Belém: Cejup.
  41. Whitman, L. & Shope, R. E.(1962). The Californian complex of arthropod-borne viruses and its relationship to the Bunyamwera group through Guaroa virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 11, 691–696. [Google Scholar]
  42. Xiao, S.-Y., Zhin, H., Guzman, H. & Tesh, R. B.(2001). Experimental yellow fever infection in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). II. Pathology. J Infect Dis 183, 1437–1444.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  43. Xiao, S. Y., Guzman, H., Travassos Da Rosa, A. P. A., Zhu, H. B. & Tesh, R. B.(2003). Alteration of clinical outcome and histopathology of yellow fever virus infection in a hamster model by previous infection with heterologous flaviviruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68, 695–703. [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.002360-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.002360-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error