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Volume 102, Issue 5

Differential role of sphingomyelin in influenza virus, rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Calu-3 cells Open Access

Abstract

Host cell lipids play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of respiratory virus infection. However, a direct comparison of the lipidomic profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infections is lacking. In this study, we first compared the lipid profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infection in a bronchial epithelial cell line. Most lipid features were downregulated for both influenza virus and rhinovirus, especially for the sphingomyelin features. Pathway analysis showed that sphingolipid metabolism was the most perturbed pathway. Functional study showed that bacterial sphingomyelinase suppressed influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication, but promoted rhinovirus replication. These findings suggest that sphingomyelin pathway can be a potential target for antiviral therapy, but should be carefully evaluated as it has opposite effects on different respiratory viruses. Furthermore, the differential effect of sphingomyelinase on rhinovirus and influenza virus may explain the interference between rhinovirus and influenza virus infection.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): influenza , lipidomics , rhinovirus , SARS-CoV-2 , sphingomyelin and sphingomyelinase
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Health and Medical Research Fund (Award HKM-15-M03)
    • Principle Award Recipient: KelvinKai-Wang To
© 2021 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. The Microbiology Society waived the open access fees for this article.
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2021-05-06
2024-04-19
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Differential role of sphingomyelin in influenza virus, rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Calu-3 cells
J. Gen. Virol. 102, 001593 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001593
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001593
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001593
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