RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Ren, Chuang-Chuang A1 Chen, Qin-Yan A1 Wang, Xue-Yan A1 Harrison, Tim J. A1 Yang, Qing-Li A1 Hu, Li-Ping A1 Liu, Hua-Bing A1 He, Xiang A1 Jia, Hui-Hua A1 Fang, Zhong-LiaoYR 2019 T1 Novel subgenotype D11 of hepatitis B virus in NaPo County, Guangxi, bordering Vietnam JF Journal of General Virology, VO 100 IS 5 SP 828 OP 837 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001257 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2099, AB Hepatitis B virus has been classified into 10 genotypes and 48 subgenotypes worldwide. We found previously, through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a sample collected in 2011, that an HBsAg carrier was infected with two genotypes (B and D) of HBV. We carried out cloning, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes and, for confirmation, analysed a sample collected from the same individual in 2018. Fifteen complete sequences were obtained from each sample. The carrier was infected in 2011 by genotypes B and D and by various recombinants, but only genotype D was present in 2018. The major and minor parents of the recombinants are genotypes B and D, respectively, although the recombination breakpoints vary among them. All 23 genotype D isolates form a cluster, branching out from other subgenotype D sequences and supported by a 100 % bootstrap value. Based on complete genome sequences, almost all of the estimated intragroup nucleotide divergence values between our isolates and HBV subgenotypes D1–D10 exceed 4 %. Compared to the other subgenotypes (D1–D10), 35 unique amino acids were present in our isolates. Our data provide evidence for a novel subgenotype, provisionally designated HBV subgenotype D11., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001257