%0 Journal Article %A Medici, Maria Cristina %A Tummolo, Fabio %A Martella, Vito %A Arcangeletti, Maria Cristina %A De Conto, Flora %A Chezzi, Carlo %A Fehér, Enikő %A Marton, Szilvia %A Calderaro, Adriana %A Bányai, Krisztián %T Analysis of the full genome of human group C rotaviruses reveals lineage diversification and reassortment %D 2016 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 97 %N 8 %P 1888-1898 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000497 %K Gastroenteritis %K Full-Genome %K Genetic diversity %K Group C Rotavirus %K Phylogenetic analysis %I Microbiology Society, %X Group C rotaviruses (RVC) are enteric pathogens of humans and animals. Whole-genome sequences are available only for few RVCs, leaving gaps in our knowledge about their genetic diversity. We determined the full-length genome sequence of two human RVCs (PR2593/2004 and PR713/2012), detected in Italy from hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus infection in 2004 and 2012. In the 11 RNA genomic segments, the two Italian RVCs segregated within separate intra-genotypic lineages showed variation ranging from 1.9 % (VP6) to 15.9 % (VP3) at the nucleotide level. Comprehensive analysis of human RVC sequences available in the databases allowed us to reveal the existence of at least two major genome configurations, defined as type I and type II. Human RVCs of type I were all associated with the M3 VP3 genotype, including the Italian strain PR2593/2004. Conversely, human RVCs of type II were all associated with the M2 VP3 genotype, including the Italian strain PR713/2012. Reassortant RVC strains between these major genome configurations were identified. Although only a few full-genome sequences of human RVCs, mostly of Asian origin, are available, the analysis of human RVC sequences retrieved from the databases indicates that at least two intra-genotypic RVC lineages circulate in European countries. Gathering more sequence data is necessary to develop a standardized genotype and intra-genotypic lineage classification system useful for epidemiological investigations and avoiding confusion in the literature. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000497