@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000497, author = "Medici, Maria Cristina and Tummolo, Fabio and Martella, Vito and Arcangeletti, Maria Cristina and De Conto, Flora and Chezzi, Carlo and Fehér, Enikő and Marton, Szilvia and Calderaro, Adriana and Bányai, Krisztián", title = "Analysis of the full genome of human group C rotaviruses reveals lineage diversification and reassortment", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "2016", volume = "97", number = "8", pages = "1888-1898", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000497", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000497", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "Gastroenteritis", keywords = "Full-Genome", keywords = "Genetic diversity", keywords = "Group C Rotavirus", keywords = "Phylogenetic analysis", abstract = "Group C rotaviruses (RVC) are enteric pathogens of humans and animals. Whole-genome sequences are available only for few RVCs, leaving gaps in our knowledge about their genetic diversity. We determined the full-length genome sequence of two human RVCs (PR2593/2004 and PR713/2012), detected in Italy from hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus infection in 2004 and 2012. In the 11 RNA genomic segments, the two Italian RVCs segregated within separate intra-genotypic lineages showed variation ranging from 1.9 % (VP6) to 15.9 % (VP3) at the nucleotide level. Comprehensive analysis of human RVC sequences available in the databases allowed us to reveal the existence of at least two major genome configurations, defined as type I and type II. Human RVCs of type I were all associated with the M3 VP3 genotype, including the Italian strain PR2593/2004. Conversely, human RVCs of type II were all associated with the M2 VP3 genotype, including the Italian strain PR713/2012. Reassortant RVC strains between these major genome configurations were identified. Although only a few full-genome sequences of human RVCs, mostly of Asian origin, are available, the analysis of human RVC sequences retrieved from the databases indicates that at least two intra-genotypic RVC lineages circulate in European countries. Gathering more sequence data is necessary to develop a standardized genotype and intra-genotypic lineage classification system useful for epidemiological investigations and avoiding confusion in the literature.", }