1887

Abstract

Longitudinal analysis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has shown that the virus has several adaptive strategies that maintain persistence and infectivity over time. We examined four serum samples from the same chronically infected HCV genotype 4a patient for the presence of IgG antibody-associated virus. RNA was isolated from antibody-associated and antibody-free virions. Subsequent to sequence analysis, 27 aa hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) peptides were used to test the humoral immune escape. We demonstrated that differential peptide binding of Fab was associated with a single amino acid change. We provide direct evidence of natural humoral immune escape by HCV within HVR1.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000447
2016-06-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/97/6/1345.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000447&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ball J. K., Tarr A. W., McKeating J. A. 2014; The past, present and future of neutralizing antibodies for hepatitis C virus. Antiviral Res 105:100–111 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Brown R. J., Juttla V. S., Tarr A. W., Finnis R., Irving W. L., Hemsley S., Flower D. R., Borrow P., Ball J. K. 2005; Evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis C virus envelope genes during chronic infection. J Gen Virol 86:1931–1942 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Cashman S. B., Marsden B. D., Dustin L. B. 2014; The humoral immune response to HCV: understanding is key to vaccine development. Front Immunol 5:550 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chung R. T., Gordon F. D., Curry M. P., Schiano T. D., Emre S., Corey K., Markmann J. F., Hertl M., Pomposelli J. J. 2013; Human monoclonal antibody MBL-HCV1 delays HCV viral rebound following liver transplantation: a randomized controlled study. Am J Transplant 13:1047–1054 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cox A. L., Mosbruger T., Mao Q., Liu Z., Wang X. H., Yang H. C., Sidney J., Sette A., Pardoll D. 2005; Cellular immune selection with hepatitis C virus persistence in humans. J Exp Med 201:1741–1752 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Deng Y., Guan J., Wen B., Zhu N., Chen H., Song J., Yang Y., Wang Y., Tan W. 2013; Induction of broadly neutralising HCV antibodies in mice by integration-deficient lentiviral vector-based pseudotyped particles. PLoS One 8:e62684 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Fafi-Kremer S., Fauvelle C., Felmlee D. J., Zeisel M. B., Lepiller Q., Fofana I., Heydmann L., Stoll-Keller F., Baumert T. F. 2012; Neutralizing antibodies and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Viruses 4:2016–2030 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Farci P., Shimoda A., Wong D., Cabezon T., De Gioannis D., Strazzera A., Shimizu Y., Shapiro M., Alter H. J., Purcell R. H. 1996; Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees by hyperimmune serum against the hypervariable region 1 of the envelope 2 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:15394–15399 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Freeman A. J., Marinos G., Ffrench R. A., Lloyd A. R. 2001; Im munopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Immunol Cell Biol 79:515–536 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Guan M., Wang W., Liu X., Tong Y., Liu Y., Ren H., Zhu S., Dubuisson J., Baumert T. F. 2012; Three different functional microdomains in the hepatitis C virus hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) mediate entry and immune evasion. J Biol Chem 287:35631–35645 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Habersetzer F., Fournillier A., Dubuisson J., Rosa D., Abrignani S., Wychowski C., Nakano I., Trépo C., Desgranges C., Inchauspé G. 1998; Characterization of human monoclonal antibodies specific to the hepatitis C virus glycoprotein E2 with in vitro binding neutralization properties. Virology 249:32–41 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Inchauspé G., Honnet G., Bonnefoy J. Y., Nicosia A., Strickland G. T. 2008; Hepatitis C vaccine: supply and demand. Lancet Infect Dis 8:739–740 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kenny-Walsh E.Irish Hepatology Research Group 1999; Clinical outcomes after hepatitis C infection from contaminated anti-D immune globulin. N Engl J Med 340:1228–1233 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Larrubia J. R., Moreno-Cubero E., Lokhande M. U., García-Garzón S., Lázaro A., Miquel J., Perna C., Sanz-de-Villalobos E. 2014; Adaptive immune response during hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 20:3418–3430 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Moreau I., O'Sullivan H., Murray C., Levis J., Crosbie O., Kenny-Walsh E., Fanning L. J. 2008; Separation of hepatitis C genotype 4a into IgG-depleted and IgG-enriched fractions reveals a unique quasispecies profile. Virol J 5:103 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Owsianka A., Clayton R. F., Loomis-Price L. D., McKeating J. A., Patel A. H. 2001; Functional analysis of hepatitis C virus E2 glycoproteins and virus-like particles reveals structural dissimilarities between different forms of E2. J Gen Virol 82:1877–1883 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Palmer B. A., Moreau I., Levis J., Harty C., Crosbie O., Kenny-Walsh E., Fanning L. J. 2012; Insertion and recombination events at hypervariable region 1 over 9.6 years of hepatitis C virus chronic infection. J Gen Virol 93:2614–2624 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Palmer B. A., Dimitrova Z., Skums P., Crosbie O., Kenny-Walsh E., Fanning L. J. 2014; Analysis of the evolution and structure of a complex intrahost viral population in chronic hepatitis C virus mapped by ultradeep pyrosequencing. J Virol 88:13709–13721 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Quaranta M. G., Mattioli B., Vella S. 2012; Glances in immunology of HIV and HCV Infection. Adv Virol 2012:434036 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ray S. C., Fanning L., Wang X. H., Netski D. M., Kenny-Walsh E., Thomas D. L. 2005; Divergent and convergent evolution after a common-source outbreak of hepatitis C virus. J Exp Med 201:1753–1759 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Shimizu Y. K., Hijikata M., Iwamoto A., Alter H. J., Purcell R. H., Yoshikura H. 1994; Neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. J Virol 68:1494–1500[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Tarr A. W., Khera T., Hueging K., Sheldon J., Steinmann E., Pietschmann T., Brown R. J. 2015; Genetic diversity underlying the envelope glycoproteins of hepatitis C virus: structural and functional consequences and the implications for vaccine design. Viruses 7:3995–4046 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Terilli R. R., Cox A. L. 2013; Immunity and hepatitis C: a review. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 10:51–58 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Thimme R., Lohmann V., Weber F. 2006; A target on the move: innate and adaptive immune escape strategies of hepatitis C virus. Antiviral Res 69:129–141 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Thimme R., Binder M., Bartenschlager R. 2012; Failure of innate and adaptive immune responses in controlling hepatitis C virus infection. FEMS Microbiol Rev 36:663–683 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Zhou X., Sun P., Lucendo-Villarin B., Angus A. G., Szkolnicka D., Cameron K., Farnworth S. L., Patel A. H., Hay D. C. 2014; Modulating innate immunity improves hepatitis C virus infection and replication in stem cell-derived hepatocytes. Stem Cell Rep 3:204–214 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000447
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000447
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error