Open reading frame sequence of an Asian enterovirus 73 strain reveals that the prototype from California is recombinant Free

Abstract

Phylogenetic analysis within the VP1 region now enables molecular typing of enteroviruses consistent with neutralization results. Three untypable isolates, 2776/82, 57/99 and 22/00, from Korea, North India and Bangladesh, respectively, showed within this region 98·0–99·0% amino acid identities. These were less than 77% to the previous enterovirus prototypes, but 91·5–92·5% to CA55-1988, the recently identified enterovirus 73 (EV73) prototype from California. All three strains were, however, most similar to CA64-4454, an EV73 prime strain, to which they shared 96·5–98·5% identity. Seven compared EV73 strains formed two clusters in the VP1 dendrogram, one cluster with strains from South and East Asia and CA64-4454, and the other with strains from Oman and California including the prototype. When sequencing the complete open reading frame of 2776/82, its non-structural region was found to be divergent from all human enterovirus B (HEV-B) strains, including CA55-1988, indicating that one or other strain was recombinant. Boot scanning of the genomes showed a recombination point within the P2 region. Therefore, part of this was sequenced for 57/99 and 22/00 and was found similar to 2776/82, while CA55-1988 was similar to coxsackievirus B3, demonstrating that CA55-1988 was the recombinant. Since all strains of EV73 isolated so far outside California originate from Asia, where it has a broad geographical distribution, it seems that EV73 may have been introduced to California from Asia. Further analysis of EV73 strains will reveal if the recombination occurred in the USA or in Asia and will help to elucidate the origin of this virus.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-7-1721
2002-07-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/83/7/0831721a.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-7-1721&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Dahllund L., Nissien L., Pulli T., Hyttinen V.-P., Stanway G., Hyypiä T. 1995; The genome of echovirus 11. Virus Research 35:215–222
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Felsenstein J. 1993 PHYLIP: phylogeny inference package, version 3.52c University of Washington; Seattle, Washington, USA:
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Furione M., Guillot S., Otelea D., Balanant J., Candrea A., Crainic R. 1993; Polioviruses with natural recombinant genomes isolated from vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis. Virology 196:199–208
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Grandien M., Forsgren M., Ehrnst A. 1989; Enterovirus and reovirus. In Diagnostic Procedures for Viral. Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections pp 513–569 Edited by Lennette E. H., Schmidt N. J. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Guillot S., Caro V., Cuervo N., Korotkova E., Combiescu M., Persu A., Combiescu A., Delpeyroux F., Crainic R. 2000; Natural genetic exchanges between vaccine and wild poliovirus strains in humans. Journal of Virology 74:8434–8443
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Huttunen P., Santii J., Pulli T., Hyypiä T. 1996; The major echovirus group is genetically coherent and related to coxsackie B viruses. Journal of General Virology 77:715–725
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hyypiä T., Hovi T., Knowles N. J., Stanway G. 1997; Classification of enteroviruses based on molecular and biological properties. Journal of General Virology 78:1–11
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Kumar S., Tamura K., Nei M. 1993 Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 1.02 Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania, USA:
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Lole K. S., Bollinger R. C., Paranjape R. S., Gadkari D., Kulkarni S. S., Novak N. G., Ingersoll R., Sheppard H. W., Ray S. C. 1999; Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination. Journal of Virology 73:152–160
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Norder H., Bjerregaard L., Magnius L. O. 2001; Homotypic echoviruses share aminoterminal VP1 sequence homology applicable for typing. Journal of Medical Virology 63:35–44
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Oberste M. S., Maher K., Pallansch M. A. 1999a; Molecular phylogeny of all human enterovirus serotypes based on comparison of sequences at the 5′ end of the region encoding VP2. Virus Research 58:35–43
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Oberste M. S., Maher K., Kilpatrick D. R., Flemister M. R., Brown B. A., Pallansch M. A. 1999b; Molecular evolution of the human enteroviruses: correlation of serotype with VP1 sequence and application to picornavirus classification. Journal of Virology 73:1941–1948
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Oberste M. S., Maher K., Flemister M. R., Marchetti G., Kilpatrick D. R., Pallansch M. A. 2000; Comparison of classic and molecular approches for the identification of ‘untypable′ enteroviruses. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38:1170–1174
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Oberste M. S., Schnurr D., Maher K., al-Busaidy S., Pallansch M. A. 2001; Molecular identification of a new picornavirus and characterization of a proposed enterovirus 73 serotype. Journal of General Virology 82:409–416
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Pöyry T., Hyypiä T., Horsnell C., Kinnunen L., Hovi T., Stanway G. 1994; Molecular analysis of coxsackie A16 reveals a new genetic group of enteroviruses. Virology 202:982–987
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Pöyry T., Kinnunen L., Hyypiä T., Brown B., Horsnell C., Hovi T., Stanway G. 1996; Genetic and phylogenetic clustering of enteroviruses. Journal of General Virology 77:1699–1717
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Pulli T., Koskimes P., Hyypiä T. 1995; Molecular comparison of coxsackie A virus serotypes. Virology 211:30–38
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Ray S. C. 1997; SimPlot for Windows 95/NT, version 1.2.2. (distributed by author http://sray.med.som.jhmi.edu/RaySoft
  19. Salminen M. O., Cobb W. 1998 Boot scanning package for Unix/Linux version 1 National Public Health Institute; Helsinki, Finland:
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Santti J., Hyypiä T., Kinnunen L., Salminen M. 1999; Evidence of recombination among enteroviruses. Journal of Virology 73:8741–8749
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Siepel A. C., Korber B. T. 1995; Scanning the database for recombinant HIV-1 genomes. Human Retroviruses and AIDS Compendium III35–60
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-7-1721
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-7-1721
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed