1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 83, Issue 12

Characterization of , a gene required for the infectivity of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus Free

Abstract

During plaque purification of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus in Sl52 cell culture, a deletion mutant virus was isolated. Analysis of the biological properties of this mutant virus revealed an absence of infectivity of the occluded virus. Infectivity by injection of the non-occluded (budded) virus is not different between the wild-type and the deleted virus. Restriction analysis of the mutant virus genome revealed a 4·5 kb deletion within the I D fragment. The observed phenotype was mapped to the deleted region by rescue experiments. The deletion was characterized and the equivalent DNA fragment on the wild-type virus was sequenced. By co-transfecting the DNA of the deleted virus with plasmids derived from the wild-type virus, it was possible to determine that ORF 7 in this fragment is responsible for the observed phenotype. ORF 7, called ( infectivity factor), is homologous to ORF 119 of . Similar ORFs are present in all sequenced baculoviruses. The product of this gene is an occlusion body-derived virion structural protein required only for the first steps of larva infection, as viruses being produced in cells expressing the gene but not containing it in their genomes are able to produce successful infections.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© Microbiology Society
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013
2002-12-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/83/12/0833013a.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Afonso C. L., Tulman E. R., Lu Z., Balinsky C. A., Moser B. A., Becnel J. J., Rock D. L., Kutish G. F. 2001; Genome sequence of a baculovirus pathogenic for Culex nigripalpus. Journal of Virology 75:11157–11165
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Ahrens C. H., Russell R. L. Q., Funk C. J., Evans J. T., Harwood S. H., Rohrmann G. F. 1997; The sequence of the Orgyia pseudotsugata multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome. Virology 229:381–399
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Ayres M. D., Howard S. C., Kuzio J., López Ferber M., Possee R. D. 1994; The complete DNA sequence of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Virology 202:586–605
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Bischoff D. S., Slavicek J. M. 1997; Molecular analysis of an enhancin gene in the Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Journal of Virology 71:8133–8140
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Braunagel S. C., Summers M. D. 1994; Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, PDV, and ECV viral envelopes and nucleocapsids: structural proteins, antigens, lipid and fatty acid profiles. Virology 202:315–318
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Chen X., IJkel W. F. J., Tarchini R., Sun X., Sandbrink H., Wang H., Peters S., Zuidema D., Lankhorst R. K., Vlak J. M., Hu Z. 2001; The sequence of the Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. Journal of General Virology 82:241–257
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Cheng X.-W., Krell P. J., Arif B. M. 2001; P34.8 (GP37) is not essential for baculovirus replication. Journal of General Virology 82:299–305
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Croizier G., Ribeiro C. H. T. 1992; Recombination as a possible major cause of genetic heterogeneity in Anticarsia gemmatalis nuclear polyhedrosis virus wild populations. Virus Research 26:183–196
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Croizier G., Godse D., Vlak J. M. 1980; Sélection de types viraux dans les infections doubles à baculovirus chez les larves de lépidoptères. Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences 290:579–582 (in French
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Croizier G., Boukhoudmi-Amiri K., Croizier L. 1989; A physical map of Spodoptera littoralis B-type nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome. Archives of Virology 104:145–151
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Croizier L., Jousset F.-X., Veyrunes J.-C., López Ferber M., Bergoin M., Croizier G. 2000; Protein requirements for assembly of virus-like particles of Junonia coenia densovirus in insect cells. Journal of General Virology 81:1605–1613
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Deléage G., Clerc F. F., Roux B., Gautheron D. C. 1988; antheprot: a package for protein sequence analysis using a microcomputer. Computer Applications in the Biosciences 4:351–356
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Derksen A. C. G., Granados R. R. 1988; Alteration of a lepidopteran peritrophic membrane by baculoviruses and enhancement of viral infectivity. Virology 167:242–250
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Faktor O., Toister-Achituv M., Nahum O., Kamensky B. 1997; The p10 gene of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus: nucleotide sequence, transcriptional analysis and unique gene organization in the p10 locus. Journal of General Virology 78:2119–2128
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Faulkner P., Kuzio J., Williams G. V., Wilson J. A. 1997; Analysis of p74, a PDV envelope protein of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus required for occlusion body infectivity in vivo. Journal of General Virology 78:3091–3100
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Funk C. J., Braunagel S. C., Rohrmann G. F. 1997; Baculovirus structure. In The Baculoviruses pp 7–32 Edited by Miller L. K. New York: Plenum;
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Gallo L. G., Corsaro B. G., Hughes P. R., Granados R. R. 1991; In vivo enhancement of baculovirus infection by the viral enhancing factor of a granulosis virus of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 58:203–210
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Gomi S., Majima K., Maeda S. 1999; Sequence analysis of the genome of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. Journal of General Virology 80:1323–1337
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Granados R. R., Lawler K. A. 1981; In vivo pathway of Autographa californica baculovirus invasion and infection. Virology 108:297–308
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Gross C. H., Wolgamot G. M., Russell R. L., Pearson M. N., Rohrmann G. F. 1993; A 37-kilodalton glycoprotein from a baculovirus of Orgyia pseudotsugata is localized to cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Journal of Virology 67:469–475
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Hashimoto Y., Hayakawa T., Ueno Y., Fujita T., Sano Y., Matsumoto T. 2000; Sequence analysis of the Plutella xylostella granulovirus genome. Virology 275:358–372
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Hayakawa T., Ko R., Okano K., Seong S.-I., Goto C., Maeda S. 1999; Sequence analysis of the Xestia c-nigrum granulovirus genome. Virology 262:277–297
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Hohmann A. W., Faulkner P. 1983; Monoclonal antibodies to baculovirus structural proteins: determination of specificities by Western blot analysis. Virology 125:432–444
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Horton H. M., Burand J. P. 1993; Saturable attachment sites for polyhedron-derived baculovirus on insect cells and evidence for entry via direct membrane fusion. Journal of Virology 67:1860–1868
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Hughes P. R., Wood H. A. 1981; A synchronous peroral technique for the bioassay of insect viruses. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 37:154–159
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Hukuhara T., Wijonarko A. 2001; Enhanced fusion of a nucleopolyhedrovirus with cultured cells by a virus enhancing factor from an entomopoxvirus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 77:62–67
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Hunter-Fujita F., Entwistle P. F., Crook N. E. 1998 Insect Viruses and Pest Management Chichester: John Wiley;
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Hyink O., Dellow R. A., Olsen M. J., Caradoc-Davies K. M., Drake K., Herniou E. A., Cory J. S., O’Reilly D. R., Ward V. K. 2002; Whole genome analysis of the Epiphyas postvittana nucleopolyhedrovirus. Journal of General Virology 83:957–971
     [Google Scholar]
  29. IJkel W. F. J., van Strien E. A., Heldens J. G. M., Broer R., Zuidema D., Goldbach R. W., Vlak J. M. 1999; Sequence and organization of the Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. Journal of General Virology 80:3289–3304
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Kang W., Suzuki M., Zemskov E., Okano K., Maeda S. 1999; Characterization of baculovirus repeated open reading frames ( bro ) in Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. Journal of Virology 73:10339–10345
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Kitts P. A., Possee R. D. 1993; A method for producing recombinant baculovirus expression vectors at high frequency. Biotechniques 14:810–817
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Kuzio J., Jacques R., Faulkner P. 1989; Identification of p74 , a gene essential for virulence of baculovirus occlusion bodies. Virology 173:759–763
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Kuzio J., Pearson M. N., Harwood S. H., Funk C. J., Evans J. T., Slavicek J. M., Rohrmann G. F. 1999; Sequence and analysis of the genome of a baculovirus pathogenic for Lymantria dispar. Virology 253:17–34
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Lepore L. S., Roelvink P. R., Granados R. R. 1996; Enhancin, the granulosis virus protein that facilitates nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) infections, is a metalloprotease. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 68:131–140
     [Google Scholar]
  35. López Ferber M., Sisk W. P., Possee R. D. 1995; Baculovirus transfer vectors. Methods in Molecular Biology 39:25–63
     [Google Scholar]
  36. López Ferber M., Argaud O., Croizier L., Croizier G. 2001; Diversity, distribution, and mobility of bro gene sequences in Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Genes 22:247–254
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Luque T., Finch R., Crook N., O’Reilly D. R., Winstanley D. 2001; The complete sequence of the Cydia pomonella granulovirus genome. Journal of General Virology 82:2531–2547
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Mitsuhashi W., Furuta Y., Sato M. 1998; The spindles of an entomopoxvirus of Coleoptera ( Anomala cuprea ) strongly enhance the infectivity of a nucleopolyhedrovirus in Lepidoptera. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 71:186–188
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Monsma S. A., Oomens A. G., Blissard G. W. 1996; The GP64 envelope fusion protein is an essential baculovirus protein required for cell-to-cell transmission of infection. Journal of Virology 70:4607–4616
     [Google Scholar]
  40. O’Reilly D. R., Miller L. K. 1990; Regulation of expression of a baculovirus ecdysteroid UDP glucosyltransferase gene. Journal of Virology 64:1321–1328
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Pang Y., Yu J., Wang L., Hu X., Bao W., Li G., Chen C., Han H., Hu S., Yang H. 2001; Sequence analysis of the Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. Virology 287:391–404
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Poitout S., Bues R. 1974; Elevage des chenilles de vingt-huit espèces de lepidoptères Noctuidae et de deux espèces d’ Arctiidae sur milieu artificiel simple. Particularité d’élevage selon les espèces. Annales de Zoologie Ecologie Animale 6:431–441 (in French
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Popham H. J., Bischoff D. S., Slavicek J. M. 2001; Both Lymantria dispar nucleopolyhedrovirus enhancin genes contribute to viral potency. Journal of Virology 75:8639–8648
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Russell R. L., Rohrmann G. F. 1997; Characterization of P91, a protein associated with virions of an Orgyia pseudotsugata baculovirus. Virology 233:210–223
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Smith G. E., Fraser M. D., Summers M. D. 1983; Molecular engineering of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: deletion mutations within the polyhedrin gene. Journal of Virology 46:584–593
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Summers M. D., Smith G. E. 1987; A manual of methods for baculovirus vectors and insect cell culture procedures. Texas Agricultural Experimental State Bulletin, no. 1555
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Tanada Y. 1985; A synopsis of studies on the synergistic property of an insect baculovirus: a tribute to Edward A. Steinhaus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 45:125–138
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Uchima K., Harvey J. P., Omi E. M., Tanada Y. 1988; Binding sites on the midgut cell membrane for the synergistic factor of a granulosis virus of the armyworm ( Pseudaletia unipunctata ). Insect Biochemistry 18:645–650
     [Google Scholar]
  49. Wang P., Hammer D. A., Granados R. R. 1994; Interaction of Trichoplusia ni granulosis virus-encoded enhancin with the midgut epithelium and peritrophic membrane of four lepidopteran insects. Journal of General Virology 75:1961–1967
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013
Loading
Characterization of pif, a gene required for the per os infectivity of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus
J. Gen. Virol. 83, 3013 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3013
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error