1887

Abstract

TT virus (TTV) is a newly discovered DNA virus originally classified as a member of the . TTV is transmitted by blood transfusion where it has been reported to be associated with mild post-transfusion hepatitis. TTV can cause persistent infection, and is widely distributed geographically; we recently reported extremely high prevalences of viraemia in individuals living in tropical countries (e.g. 74% in Papua New Guinea, 83% in Gambia; Prescott & Simmonds, 339, 776, 1998). In the current study we have compared nucleotide sequences from the N22 region of TTV (222 bases) detected in eight widely dispersed human populations. Some variants of TTV, previously classified as genotypes 1a, 1b and 2, were widely distributed throughout the world, while others, such as a novel subtype of type 1 in Papua New Guinea, were confined to a single geographical area. Five of the 122 sequences obtained in this study (from Gambia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Brazil and Ecuador) could not be classified as types 1, 2 or 3, with the variant from Brazil displaying only 46-50% nucleotide (32-35% amino acid) sequence similarity to other variants. This study provides an indication of the extreme sequence diversity of TTV, a characteristic which is untypical of parvoviruses.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1751
1999-07-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/80/7/0801751a.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1751&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Chan S.-Y., Delius H., Halpern A. L., Bernard H.-U. 1995; Analysis of genomic sequences of 95 papillomavirus types: uniting typing, phylogeny and taxonomy. Journal of Virology 69:3074–3083
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Davidson F., MacDonald D. M., Mokili J. L. K., Prescott L. E., Graham S., Simmonds P. 1999; Early acquisition of TT virus (TTV) in an area endemic for TTV infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 179:1070–1076
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Höhne M., Berg T., Müller A. R., Schreier E. 1998; Detection of sequences of TT virus, a novel DNA virus, in German patients. Journal of General Virology 79:2761–2764
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Jarvis L. M., Watson H. G., McOmish F., Peutherer J. F., Ludlam C. A., Simmonds P. 1994; Frequent reinfection and reactivation of hepatitis C virus genotypes in multitransfused hemophiliacs. Journal of Infectious Diseases 170:1018–1022
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Kumar S., Tamura K., Nei M. 1993; MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, version 1.0. Pennsylvania State University;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. McOmish F., Yap P. L., Jordan A., Hart H., Cohen B. J., Simmonds P. 1993; Detection of parvovirus B19 in donated blood – a model system for screening by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31:323–328
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Mushahwar I. K., Erker J. C., Muerhoff A. S., Leary T. P., Simons J. N., Birkenmeyer L. G., Chalmers M. L., Pilot-Matias T. J., Desai S. M. 1999; Molecular and biophysical characterization of TT virus: evidence for a new virus family infecting humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 96:3177–3182
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Naoumov N. V., Petrova E. P., Thomas M. G., Williams R. 1998; Presence of a newly described human DNA virus (TTV) in patients with liver disease. Lancet 352:195–197
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Nishizawa T., Okamoto H., Konishi K., Yoshizawa H., Miyakawa Y., Mayumi M. 1997; A novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with elevated transaminase levels in posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown aetiology. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 241:92–97
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Okamoto H., Akahane Y., Ukita M., Fukuda M., Tsuda F., Miyakawa Y., Mayumi M. 1998a; Fecal excretion of a non-enveloped DNA virus (TTV) associated with post-transfusion non-A-G hepatitis. Journal of Medical Virology 56:128–132
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Okamoto H., Nishizawa T., Kato N., Ukita M., Ikeda H., Iizuka H., Miyakawa Y., Mayumi M. 1998b; Molecular cloning and characterisation of a novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown aetiology. Hepatology Research 10:1–16
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Prescott L. E., Simmonds P. 1998; Global distribution of transfusion-transmitted virus. New England Journal of Medicine 339:776
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Simmonds P., Mellor J., Sakuldamrongpanich T., Nuchaprayoon C., Tanprasert S., Holmes E. C., Smith D. B. 1996; Evolutionary analysis of variants of hepatitis C virus found in South-East Asia: comparison with classifications based upon sequence similarity. Journal of General Virology 77:3013–3024
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Simmonds P., Davidson F., Lycett C., Prescott L. E., MacDonald D. M., Yap P. L., Ludlam C. A., Haydon G. H., Gillon J., Jarvis L. M. 1998; Detection of a novel DNA virus (TT virus) in blood donors and blood products. Lancet 352:191–195
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Takahashi K., Hoshino H., Ohta Y., Yoshida N., Mishiro S. 1998a; Very high prevalence of TT virus (TTV) infection in general population of Japan revealed by a new set of PCR primers. Hepatology Research 12:233–239
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Takahashi K., Ohta Y., Mishiro S. 1998b; Partial 2. 4 kb sequences of TT virus (TTV) genome from 8 Japanese isolates: diagnostic and phylogenetic implications. Hepatology Research 12:111–120
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Tokita H., Okamoto H., Iizuka H., Kishimoto J., Tsuda F., Miyakawa Y., Mayumi M. 1998; The entire nucleotide sequences of three hepatitis C virus isolates in genetic groups 7–9 and comparison with those in the other eight genetic groups. Journal of General Virology 79:1847–1857
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Umene K., Nunoue T. 1991; Genetic diversity ofhuman parvovirus B19 determined using a set of restriction endonucleases recognizing four or five base pairs and partial nucleotide sequencing: use of sequence variability in virus classification. Journal of General Virology 72:1997–2001
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Viazov S., Ross R. S., Niel C., Oliveira J. M., Varenholz C., Villa G., Roggendorf M. 1998; Sequence variability in the putative coding region of TT virus: evidence for two rather than several major types. Journal of General Virology 79:3085–3089
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1751
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1751
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error