1887

Abstract

Amino acid differences between helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) and coat protein (CP) that are putatively associated with biological differences between isolates PVA-B11 and PVA-U of potato A potyvirus (PVA) were studied using an infectious cDNA clone of PVA-B11. Replacement of the entire CP gene of PVA-B11 with the CP gene of PVA-U reduced virus accumulation in tobacco 5-fold, to the level of PVA-U. In contrast, four simultaneous amino acid substitutions made in PVA-B11 HC-Pro (according to PVA-U HC-Pro) increased virus accumulation 2- to 4-fold. A single substitution (S7G) at the CP N terminus reduced virus accumulation 10-fold, but restored aphid-transmissibility of PVA-B11. Simultaneous mutation of HC-Pro and replacement of CP in B11 delayed systemic movement in tobacco and limited cell-to-cell movement in potato. These results imply coordinated functions of HC-Pro and CP in accumulation and movement of PVA, because the phenotypic effects caused by simultaneous mutation of the two genes were different from the expected ‘sum’ of phenotypic changes observed following mutation of only one gene at a time.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-5-1133
1999-05-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/80/5/0801133a.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-5-1133&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anandalakshmi R., Pruss G. J., Ge X., Marethe R., Mallory A. C., Smith T. H., Vance V. B. 1998; A viral suppressor of gene silencing in plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 95:13079–13084
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Andersen K., Johansen I. E. 1998; A single conserved amino acid in the coat protein gene of pea seed-borne mosaic potyvirus modulates the ability of the virus to move systemically in Chenopodium quinoa . Virology 241:304–311
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Andreeva L., Järvekülg L., Rabenstein F., Torrance L., Harrison B. D., Saarma M. 1994; Antigenic analysis ofpotato virus A particles and coat proteins. Annals of Applied Biology 125:337–348
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1993; Mutational analysis of the helper component-proteinase gene of a potyvirus: effect of amino acid substitutions, deletions and gene replacement on virulence and aphid transmissibility. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 90:11919–11923
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Atreya C. D., Raccah B., Pirone T. P. 1990; A point mutation in the coat protein abolishes aphid transmissibility of a potyvirus. Virology 178:161–165
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Atreya P. L., Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1991; Amino acid substitutions in the coat protein result in loss of insect transmissibility of a plant virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:7887–7891
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Atreya C. D., Atreya P. L., Thornbury D. W., Pirone T. P. 1992; Site-directed mutations in the potyvirus HC-PRO gene affect helper component activity, virus accumulation, and symptom expression in infected tobacco plants. Virology 191:106–111
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Atreya P. L., Lopez-Moya J. J., Chu M., Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1995; Mutational analysis of the coat protein N-terminal amino acids residues involved in potyvirus transmission by aphids. Journal of General Virology 76:265–270
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Brigneti G., Voinnet O., Li W.-X., Ji L.-H., Ding S.-W., Baulcombe D. C. 1998; Viral pathogenicity determinants are suppressors of transgene silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana . EMBO Journal 17:6739–6746
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Carrington J. C., Cary S. M., Parks T. W., Dougherty W. G. 1989; A second proteinase encoded by a plant potyvirus genome. EMBO Journal 8:365–370
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Carrington J. C., Jensen P. E., Schaad M. C. 1998; Genetic evidence for an essential role for potyvirus CI protein in cell-to-cell movement. Plant Journal 14:393–400
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Cronin S., Verchot J., Haldeman-Cahill R., Schaad M. C., Carrington J. C. 1995; Long-distance movement factor: a transport function of the potyvirus helper component proteinase. Plant Cell 7:549–559
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Dolja V. V., Haldeman R., Robertson N. L., Dougherty W. G., Carrington J. C. 1994; Distinct functions of capsid protein in assembly and movement of tobacco etch potyvirus in plants. EMBO Journal 13:1482–1491
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dolja V. V., Haldeman-Cahill R., Montgomery A. E., Vandenbosch K. A., Carrington J. C. 1995; Capsid protein determinants involved in cell-to-cell and long distance movement of tobacco etch potyvirus. Virology 206:1007–1016
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Flasinski S., Gunasinghe U. B., Gonzales R. A., Cassidy B. G. 1996; The cDNA sequence and infectious transcripts of peanut stripe virus. Gene 171:299–300
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gal-On A., Antignus Y., Rosner A., Raccah B. 1992; A zucchini yellow mosaic virus coat protein gene mutation restores aphid trans-missibility but has no effect on multiplication. Journal of General Virology 73:2183–2187
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Huet H., Gal-On A., Meir E., Lecoq H., Raccah B. 1994; Mutations in the helper component protease gene of zucchini yellow mosaic virus affect its ability to mediate aphid transmissibility. Journal of General Virology 75:1407–1414
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Jones H., Ooms G., Jones M. G. K. 1989; Transient gene expression in electroporated Solanum protoplasts. Plant Molecular Biology 13:503–511
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Jones A. L., Thomas C. L., Maule A. J. 1998; De novo methylation and co-suppression induced by a cytoplasmically replicating plant RNA virus. EMBO Journal 17:6385–6393
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kasschau K. D., Carrington J. C. 1995; Requirement for HC-Pro processing during genome amplification of tobacco etch potyvirus. Virology 209:268–273
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kasschau K. D., Carrington J. C. 1998; A counterdefensive strategy of plant viruses: suppression of posttranscriptional gene silencing. Cell 95:461–470
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Klein T. M., Wolf E. D., Sanford J. C. 1987; High-velocity microprojectiles for delivering nucleic acids into living cells. Nature 327:70–73
    [Google Scholar]
  23. López-Moya J. J., Pirone T. P. 1998; Charge changes near the N terminus of the coat protein of two potyviruses affect virus movement. Journal of General Virology 79:161–165
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Luciano C. S., Rhoads R. E., Shaw J. G. 1987; Synthesis of potyviral RNA and proteins in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts inoculated by electroporation. Plant Science 51:295–303
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Mahajan S., Dolja V. V., Carrington J. C. 1996; Roles of the sequence encoding tobacco etch virus capsid protein in genome amplification: requirements for the translation process and a cis-active element. Journal of Virology 70:4370–4379
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Maia I. G., Haenni A.-L., Bernardi F. 1996; Potyviral HC-Pro: a multifunctional protein. Journal of General Virology 77:1335–1341
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Nelson R. S., Creissen G. P., Bright S. W. J. 1983; Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Solanum brevidens . Plant Science Letters 30:355–362
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Nicolas O., Dunnington S. W., Gotow L. F., Pirone T. P., Hellmann G. M. 1997; Variations in the VPg protein allow a potyvirus to overcome va gene resistance in tobacco. Virology 237:452–459
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Puurand Ü, Makinen K., Paulin L., Saarma M. 1994; The nucleotide sequence of potato virus A genomic RNA and its sequence similarities with other potyviruses. Journal of General Virology 75:457–461
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Puurand Ü, Valkonen J. P. T., Mäkinen K., Rabenstein F., Saarma M. 1996; Infectious in vitro transcripts from the cloned cDNA of the potato A potyvirus. Virus Research 40:135–140
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Rajamäki M., Merits A., Rabenstein F., Andrejeva J., Paulin L., Kekarainen T., Kreuze J. F., Forster R. L. S., Valkonen J. P. T. 1998; Biological, serological, and molecular differences among isolates of potato A potyvirus. Phytopathology 88:311–321
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Riechmann J. L., Lain S., Garcia J. A. 1992; Highlights and prospects of potyvirus molecular biology. Journal of General Virology 73:1–16
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Roberts I. M., Wang D., Findlay K., Maule A. J. 1998; Ultrastructural and temporal observations of the potyvirus cylindrical inclusions (CIs) show that the CI protein acts transiently in aiding virus movement. Virology 245:173–181
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Rojas M. R., Zerbini F. M., Allison R. F., Gilbertson R. L., Lucas W. J. 1997; Capsid protein and helper component-proteinase function as potyvirus cell-to-cell movement proteins. Virology 237:283–295
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Schaad M. C., Lellis A. D., Carrington J. C. 1997; VPg of tobacco etch potyvirus is a host genotype-specific determinant for long distance movement. Journal of Virology 71:8624–8631
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Shukla D. D., Ward C. W., Brunt A. A. 1994 The Potyviridae Wallingford, UK: CAB International;
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. 1979; Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 76:4350–4354
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Valkonen J. P. T., Puurand Ü, Slack S. A., Makinen K., Saarma M. 1995; Three strain groups of potato A potyvirus based on hypersensitive responses in potato, serological properties, and coat protein sequences. Plant Disease 79:748–753
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-5-1133
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-5-1133
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error