%0 Journal Article %A Shapiro, Shapiro Z. %A Maudru, Tom %A Peden, Keith W. C. %T Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after infection of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. %D 1999 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 80 %N 4 %P 857-861 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-4-857 %I Microbiology Society, %X Application of a highly sensitive PCR-based reverse transcriptase (RT) assay to the analysis of the infection of CD4+ cell lines with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) demonstrated that virus production can be detected as early as 24 h after infection. Most of the signal at 24 h was due to virus production, as it could be substantially reduced by prior treatment with the RT inhibitor zidovudine. Virus production at 24 and 48 h was unaffected by the protease inhibitor indinavir. Infection of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with a macrophage-tropic HIV-1 isolate yielded increasing virus production for 2-3 weeks, while infection with a T-cell line-tropic isolate yielded only low and sporadic virus production. Productive infection of unstimulated PBMC by the macrophage-tropic virus required functional Gag matrix and Vpr proteins; therefore, the monocyte-derived macrophage is probably the virus-producing cell in these cultures. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-4-857