1887

Abstract

Vaccinia virus produces two different infectious forms, intracellular mature virus (IMV) and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). Acquisition of the EEV envelope occurs by wrapping of IMV with vesicles of the trans-Golgi network (TGN). The most abundant protein in the envelope of EEV, P37, is a 37 kDa palmitylated protein encoded by the F13L gene. P37 is located in the inner side of the EEV envelope and accumulates in the TGN during infection. Deletion of gene F13L results in a severe defect in the wrapping process, although normal levels of IMV are produced. A cell line, derived from RK-13 cells, was obtained that stably expressed P37 (RK(P37)), and the properties of the protein were studied in the absence of other viral polypeptides. P37 produced in RK(P37) cells differed from P37 produced in vaccinia-infected cells in terms of hydrophobicity and intracellular distribution. Despite these differences, RK(P37) cells partially complemented the phenotypic defect of vaccinia virus P37-mutants. EEV production and cell-to-cell virus spread by mutant viruses were increased significantly in RK(P37) cells when compared to normal RK-13 cell cultures. Infection of RK(P37) cells with P37-virus substantially altered the hydrophobicity and the intracellular distribution of P37 in those cells. These results indicate the requirement of the infection context for determination of the normal palmitylation and intracellular localization of P37.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-425
1999-02-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/80/2/0800425a.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-425&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baek S. H., Kwak J. Y., Lee S. H., Lee T., Ryu S. H., Uhlinger D. J., Lambeth J. D. 1997; Lipase activities of p37, the major envelope protein of vaccinia virus. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272:32042–32049
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Blasco R., Moss B. 1991; Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37, 000-Dalton outer envelope protein. Journal of Virology 65:5910–5920
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Blasco R., Moss B. 1992; Role of cell-associated enveloped vaccinia virus in cell-to-cell virus spread. Journal of Virology 66:4170–4179
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Blasco R., Moss B. 1995; Selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses on the basis of plaque formation. Gene 158:157–162
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bordier C. 1981; Phase separation of integral membrane proteins in Triton X-114 solution. Journal of Biological Chemistry 256:1604–1607
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Child S. J., Hruby D. E. 1992; Evidence for multiple species of vaccinia virus-encoded palmitylated proteins. Virology 191:262–271
    [Google Scholar]
  7. De la Luna S., Ortin J. 1992; pac gene as an efficient dominant marker reporter gene in mammalian cells. Methods in Enzymology 216:376–385
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Earl P., Moss B. 1991; Expression of proteins in mammalian cells using vaccinia viral vectors. In Current Protocols in Molecular Biology Edited by Ausubel F. M., Brent R., Kingston R. E., Moore D. D., Seidman J. G., Smith J. A., Struhl K. New York: Wiley-Interscience;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Grosenbach D. W., Hruby D. E. 1998; Analysis of a vaccinia virus mutant expressing a nonpalmitylated form of p37, a mediator of virion envelopment. Journal of Virology 72:5108–5120
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Grosenbach D. W., Ulaeto D. O., Hruby D. E. 1997; Palmitylation of the vaccinia virus 37-kDa major envelope antigen. Identification of a conserved acceptor motif and biological relevance. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272:1956–1964
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hiller G., Weber K. 1985; Golgi-derived membranes that contain an acylated viral polypeptide are used for vaccinia virus envelopment. Journal of Virology 55:651–659
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hirt P., Hiller G., Wittek R. 1986; Localization and fine structure of a vaccinia virus gene encoding an envelope antigen. Journal of Virology 58:757–764
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Holzer G. W., Falkner F. G. 1997; Construction of a vaccinia virus deficient in the essential DNA repair enzyme uracil DNA glycosylase by a complementing cell line. Journal of Virology 71:4997–5002
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Katz E., Wolffe E. J., Moss B. 1997; The cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of the vaccinia virus B5R protein target a chimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein to the outer envelope of nascent vaccinia virions. Journal of Virology 71:3178–3187
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Koonin E. V. 1996; A duplicated catalytic motif in a new superfamily of phosphohydrolases and phospholipid synthases that includes poxvirus envelope proteins. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 21:242–243
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Payne L. 1978; Polypeptide composition of extracellular enveloped vaccinia virus. Journal of Virology 27:28–37
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Payne L.G. 1979; Identification of the vaccinia hemagglutinin polypeptide from a cell system yielding large amounts of extracellular enveloped virus. Journal of Virology 31:147–155
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Payne L. G. 1980; Significance of extracellular enveloped virus in the in vitro and in vivo dissemination of vaccinia. Journal of General Virology 50:89–100
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Payne L. G., Kristensson K. 1985; Extracellular release of enveloped vaccinia virus from mouse nasal epithelial cells in vivo . Journal of General Virology 66:643–646
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ponting C. P., Kerr I. D. 1996; A novel family of phospholipase D homologues that includes phospholipid synthases and putative endonucleases: identification of duplicated repeats and potential active site residues. Protein Science 5:914–922
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Roos N., Cyrklaff M., Cudmore S., Blasco R., Krijnse-Locker J., Griffiths G. 1996; A novel immunogold cryoelectron microscopic approach to investigate the structure of the intracellular and extracellular forms of vaccinia virus. EMBO Journal 15:2343–2355
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Schmelz M., Sodeik B., Ericsson M., Wolffe E. J., Shida H., Hiller G., Griffiths G. 1994; Assembly of vaccinia virus: the second wrapping cisterna is derived from the trans Golgi network. Journal of Virology 68:130–147
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Schmutz C., Payne L. G., Gubser J., Wittek R. 1991; A mutation in the gene encoding the vaccinia virus 37, 000-M r protein confers resistance to an inhibitor of virus envelopment and release. Journal of Virology 65:3435–3442
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Schmutz C., Rindisbacher L., Galmiche M. C., Wittek R. 1995; Biochemical analysis of the major vaccinia virus envelope antigen. Virology 213:19–27
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Sutter G., Ramsey Ewing A., Rosales R., Moss B. 1994; Stable expression of the vaccinia virus K1L gene in rabbit cells complements the host range defect of a vaccinia virus mutant. Journal of Virology 68:4109–4116
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Tooze J., Hollinshead M., Reis B., Radsak K., Kern H. 1993; Progeny vaccinia and human cytomegalovirus particles utilize early endosomal cisternae for their envelopes. European Journal of Cell Biology 60:163–178
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-425
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-425
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error